Hagaha dhammaystiran ee wadaaga faylasha u dhexeeya martida loo yahay iyo VirtualBox

Wadaag faylasha inta u dhaxaysa kombuyuutarka martida loo yahay iyo mashiinka farsamada ee gudaha VirtualBox Waa mid ka mid ah hawlahaas, marka aad si fiican u qabato, waxay kaa badbaadisaa waqti badan iyo madax xanuun. Khiyaamada ayaa ah doorashada habka saxda ah ee kiis kasta.: faylalka la wadaago, jiid oo soo tuur, USB, shabakad maxalli ah ama xitaa daruurta haddii waxa aad rabto ay tahay in aad ilowdo habaynta.

VirtualBox, oo uu sameeyay Oracle, waa il furan oo bilaash ah, waana taageertaa Windows, macOS, GNU/Linux, Genode iyo Solaris. Noocyada 6.x ee hadda waxay ku shaqeeyaan 64 bits (Haddii aad u baahan tahay 32-bit, waa inaad isticmaashaa qoraaladii hore ee bogga rasmiga ah.) Qaybaha soo socda, waxaad arki doontaa, talaabo talaabo ah iyo dhib la'aan, sida loo wareejiyo faylasha si badbaado leh oo aan la yaab lahayn, iyo sidoo kale beddelka marka la shaqeynayo. VMware Goobta shaqada/ESXi.

Wadaag gal inta u dhaxaysa VirtualBox iyo nidaamka martida

Habka ugu habboon ayaa badanaa ah samee gal la wadaago ka qaabeynta VM. Sidan waxaad yeelan doontaa "buundo" deggan oo u dhaxaysa martigeliyaha iyo martida., oo leh wax-akhris-kaliya iyo ikhtiyaarrada otomaatiga ah.

• Furo VirtualBox, dooro VM oo tag Settings.
• Tag "Faylasha la wadaago" oo ku dhufo astaanta galka oo leh "+".
• Hoosta "Dariiqa Folderka," dooro "Other..." oo dooro galka martida loo yahay ee aad rabto inaad wadaagto.
• Hoosta "Magaca Folderka," qeex sida ay u ekaan doonto gudaha martida.
• Hubi "Automount" haddii aad rabto in VM-ku si toos ah u fuulo markaad bilowdo.
• Ikhtiyaar: Calaamadee "Akhri Kaliya" si aad uga hortagto isbedelada martida.
• Ku xaqiiji Aqbal Ku celi galka inta aad u baahan tahay..

Marka la habeeyo, billow VM. Martida Windows-ka, waxaad arki doontaa galka sida shabakad (LAN) wadaag. Waa wax caadi ah inay u muuqato kheyraad la heli karo oo la mid ah gal la wadaago ee shabakada.. in Linux martida, VirtualBox badanaa waxay ku dhejisaa "/media/sf_magaca". Eeg sida loo dejiyo wadaaga shabakada deegaanka

Haddii aad u isticmaalayso Linux marti ahaan, ku dar isticmaalahaaga kooxda "vboxsf" si aad u gasho fasax la'aan. xidid. Talaabadani waa furaha haddii aad aragto ogolaanshaha la diiday.:

sudo usermod -aG vboxsf tu_usuario
# Cierra sesión y vuelve a entrar (o reinicia la VM)

Ma rabtaa in aad adkeyso amniga? Daar "Akhri Kaliya" galka la wadaago si looga hortago in wax laga beddelo martida. Tani waxay ku habboon tahay isticmaalayaasha aan khibradda lahayn inay la tashadaan iyaga oo aan waxba jabin..

Jiid oo tuur oo wadaag sabuuradda

Waxaad ka soo jiidataa faylka martida loo yahay, ku rid VM-ka, waana taas. sahlan, aan macquul ahayn. Si tan u shaqeyso, ku rakib Ku-darka Martida gudaha nidaamka martida.

• Iyadoo VM damisay, tag Settings> General> Advanced.
• Hoosta Jiid iyo Tuur, dooro Two- Way (ama Martigeliyaha Martida, haddii aad doorbidayso inaad xaddido).
• Hoosta "Share-garee kiliboodhka," dooro "Bidirectional" si aad u nuqul ka sameyso/ku dhejiso qoraalka labada nidaam dhexdooda.

Markaad gudaha u gasho VM-ka, isku day inaad jiidato faylalka ama koobiyaynta/ dhejinta qoraalka. Haddii ay wax guuldarraystaan, dib u rakib Ku-darka Martida oo dib u bilow..

Isticmaalka USB flash drive gudaha VirtualBox

Haddii aad hore ugu shaqaynaysay flash drive ama hard drive dibadda ah, waxaad ku xidhi kartaa VM-ga si aad u dhaqaajiso faylasha. Khiyaamada ayaa ah in aad awood u siiso kontaroolaha USB si sax ah oo aad u abuurto shaandhaynta qalabkaaga..

1. Gudaha VM Settings, aad "USB" oo calaamadee "Enable USB Controller."
2. Dooro heerka (USB 2.0 ama 3.0 iyadoo ku xiran baahidaada).
3. Ku xidh USB-ga martida loo yahay, taabo "+" oo ka dooro qalabkaaga liiska.
4. Boot VM-ka: USB-ga waa laga goyn doonaa martigeliyaha waxaana lagu dhejin doonaa gudaha martida.

Muhiim: Habaynta qaar, Isticmaalka USB 3.0 waxay keeni kartaa shilal ama VM xitaa ma bilowdo. kabahaHaddii aad la kulanto dhaqan aan caadi ahayn, isku day USB 2.0 ama, ugu badnaan waafaqid, USB 1.1 (ka gaabis laakiin ka sii xoog badan). Badbaadada awgeed, dami kontaroolaha USB-ga marka aan loo baahnayn.

Martida Linux: Mount Point, Kooxda vboxsf, iyo Buuxinta/Urjinta Buugga

Haddii aad rabto in si buuxda loo xakameeyo GNU/Linux, waxaad qeexi kartaa meel gaar ah oo ku dheji galka si toos ah ama gacanta. Habkani wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad dib u soo celiso qaab-dhismeed cad, tusaale ahaan multimedia.

Tusaale wax ku ool ah: aan dhahno waxaad la wadaagtaa martigeliyaha"C: \ filimaan" oo aad rabto inaad ku dhejiso "/home/joan/filimooyin» gudaha martida Linux.

1. Linux VM, samee barta buurta:

   mkdir -p /home/joan/movies

2. Xir VM oo VirtualBox ku qeex galka la wadaago:
   • Jidka: "C: \\ filimaan"
   • Magaca: "filimaadka"
   • Automount: karti
   • Barta buurta: "/home/joan/filim"
3. Boot oo ku dar isticmaalahaga kooxda "vboxsf" haddii aadan horeba:

   sudo usermod -aG vboxsf "$(whoami)"
   # Reinicia la VM para aplicar los cambios

Haddii aad doorbidayso inaad gacanta ku rakibto (ka saar "Automount" goobaha galka): waxay isticmaashaa magaca faylka la wadaago sida isha.

sudo mount -t vboxsf movies /home/joan/movies

Si hadhow loo kala diro: ku deji magaca ama barta buurta.

sudo umount -t vboxsf movies
# o
sudo umount /home/joan/movies

Isbeddeladu miyay khuseeyaan dhammaan VM-yada cusub?

Mashiin kasta oo dalwaddu waa adduun laftiisa. Folder, USB, kilibboodhka, ama jiid-iyo-jiidashada ayaa lagu qeexaa halkii VM.Haddii aad mid cusub samayso, waa inaad ku celisaa qaabaynta. Waxay u ekaan kartaa dhib badan, laakiin waxay ku daraysaa lakabka amniga marka la shaqeynayo VM-yo badan hal mar.

Wareejinta Shabakadda: SMB/Samba, FTP/SFTP iyo Settings Adapter

Haddii martigeliyaha iyo VM ay wadaagaan shabakad, waxaad sidoo kale ku wareejin kartaa faylasha adoo isticmaalaya borotokoolka caadiga ah. Waa faa'iido leh markaad iska ilaaliso rakibidda plugins ama haddii aad isticmaasho VM-yada iyada oo aan lahayn jawi garaafeed..

• Shabakadda VirtualBox: U deji "Bridge Adapter" si VM-gu ugu xidhmo LAN-gaaga; NAT oo leh xeerarka dekeddu sidoo kale way shaqeysaa.
• Samba/SMB: La wadaag galka martigeliyaha oo ka hel martida (gaar ahaan waxtar u dhexeeya Windows iyo Linux).
• FTP/SFTP: Samee server-ka FTP/SFTP martigeliyaha oo ku xidh VM macmiilka (FileZilla, lftp).

Faa'iidada ayaa ah inaadan ku xirneyn isdhexgalka VirtualBox. Khasaaradu waa inaad furto dekedo oo aad daryeesho ogolaanshaha..

Isticmaalka daruuraha: Drive, OneDrive, Dropbox iyo shirkadda

Isku xirka Cloud waa mid aad u habboon haddii aad ka shaqeyso kombiyuutaro badan ama aadan rabin inaad ku dhex gasho goobaha VM. Waxaad ku rakibtay macmiilka martigeliyaha iyo martida, dooro faylalka oo orod. Isku xidhka daruuraha Badanaa waa ikhtiyaarka ugu macquulsan ee lagu ilaalinayo faylalka joogtada ah.

Ka digtoonow meesha bannaan: aaladaha sida caadiga ah waxay bixiyaan laba qaab. Soo dejin buuxda (wax kasta oo maxalli ah) ama “faylalka baahida loo qabo” (isku xidhka daruuraha ilaa aad ka furto faylka)VM-yada, kan labaad ayaa inta badan u fiican in laga fogaado in gigabytes la nuqulo.

WeTransfer nooca codsiyada webka

Wareejinta hal mar ah, agabka sida WeTransfer ayaa kuu oggolaanaya inaad geliso hal ama ka badan faylal oo aad wadaagto xidhiidh ama iimayl. Way degdeg badan tahay, uma baahna qaabayn waxayna u oggolaanaysaa faylal waaweynQabashadu waa in aysan ahayn mid toos ah: haddii aad ilowdo inaad geliso fayl, waa inaad ku celisaa habka.

Haddii aad isticmaalayso VMware: faylalka la wadaago, D&D, USB, iyo kala duwanaanshaha ESXi

VMware Workstation/Fusion waxa kale oo jira "Faylasha La Wadaago". Waxaad u baahan tahay VMware Tools gudaha martida, ka dibna u suurta geli VM> Settings> Options> Folders La wadaago> Had iyo jeer karti. Ku dar galka, sii magac, oo dooro "Enable this share."

Gudaha Windows Guest waxaad ku arki doontaa "\vmware-host\Shared Folders\\"nombre\\" Linux, waxaad ku dhejin kartaa dhammaan saamiyada (sida laga soo xigtay kernel):

# Kernel < 4.0
mount -t vmhgfs .host:/ /home/user1/shares

# Kernel ≥ 4.0
/usr/bin/vmhgfs-fuse .host:/ /home/user1/shares -o subtype=vmhgfs-fuse,allow_other

Jiid oo tuur oo koobiy/koji waxa lagu furayaa Ikhtiyaarada> Go'doominta Martida adiga oo hubinaya "Enable jiid oo tuur" iyo "Enable copy and paste". On ESXi, xagga amniga, nuqul/ku dheji qoraalka waa la ogolyahay oo kaliya (haddii aad awood u yeelato)Si aad awood ugu yeelatid, ku dar halbeegyadan qaabeynta VM (damsan):

isolation.tools.copy.disable = "FALSE"
isolation.tools.paste.disable = "FALSE"
isolation.tools.setGUIOptions.enable = "TRUE"

USB on Workstation waa toos: ku xidh flash drive oo dooro "Ku xidh VM." Haddii VM-yo badan ay shidmaan, dooro midka qaadanaya. Linux, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato inaad gacanta ku dhejiso darawalka.

ESXi waa sheeko ka duwan: ma laha Folders la wadaago iyo marinka USB wuxuu leeyahay shuruudo. Waxaad ku xidhi kartaa USB-ga martigeliyaha ama macmiilka (Workstation/VMRC) VM fogHaddii aad u baahan tahay inaad si toos ah ugu dhejiso USB-ga ESXi si aad ugu koobi karto kaydka xogta, u diyaari usha ku jirta VFAT (FAT) oo isticmaal CLI.

U diyaari USB ESXi oo koobi ka samee khadka taliska

Daaqadaha, ku samee qayb VFAT degdeg ah oo leh diskpart. VFAT waxay kugu xaddidaysaa 4GB fayl kasta, laakiin waxay ku fiican tahay qaabaynta iyo darawallada:

diskpart
list disk
select disk 1
list partition
select partition 1
delete partition
select disk 1
create partition primary size=4000 id=6
format fs=fat quick
exit

On ESXi, si aad u isticmaasho USB qolofka, jooji garqaadiyaha USB, hel aaladda oo koobi. Tani waxay ka xoraynaysaa USB-ga si toos ah marinka VM-yada:

/etc/init.d/usbarbitrator stop
lsusb
ls -ltrh /vmfs/devices/disks/
ls /dev/disks/mpx.vmhba32:C0:T0:L0:*
ls -al /vmfs/volumes/
# Supongamos volumen "NO NAME"
cp /vmfs/volumes/NO\ NAME/archivo.zip /vmfs/volumes/datastore10a/install/
# Copia inversa
cp /vmfs/volumes/datastore10a/Windows-VM/Windows-VM.vmx /vmfs/volumes/NO\ NAME/

Markaad dhammayso, waxaad dib u bilaabi kartaa garqaadaha USB: Tani waa sida aad u soo ceshato marinka VM-yada.

/etc/init.d/usbarbitrator start

PowerCLI, vmrun, iyo ka koobiynta kaydinta xogta

PowerCLI waxay kuu ogolaanaysaa inaad nuqul ka sameyso faylasha VM-yada ESXi adoo isticmaalaya VMware Tools, iyada oo aan lahayn shabakad. Faa'iido leh marka aadan rabin inaad furto dekedo ama kor u qaaddo kheyraadka.

# Conexión
Connect-VIServer 192.168.101.201

# Local > VM invitada
Copy-VMGuestFile -Source "c:\\temp\\test.txt" -LocalToGuest -VM Windows-VM -Destination "c:\\temp-VM" -GuestUser user1 -GuestPassword Password

# VM invitada > Local
Copy-VMGuestFile -Source "c:\\temp-VM\\test2.txt" -GuestToLocal -Destination "c:\\temp" -VM Windows-VM -GuestUser user1 -GuestPassword Password

Si loola tacaalo kaydadka xogta: halbeeg abuurto PowerShell oo isticmaal Copy-DatastoreItem.

$datastore = Get-Datastore "datastore10a"
New-PSDrive -Location $datastore -Name ds -PSProvider VimDatastore -Root "\"
Set-Location ds:\
Copy-DatastoreItem -Item ds:\\Windows-VM\\Windows-VM.vmx -Destination c:\\temp
Copy-DatastoreItem -Item c:\\temp\\darwin.iso -Destination ds:\\install\\

Iyada oo leh VMware Workstation/Fusion waxaad leedahay utility vmrun. Loo isticmaalo in lagu koobiyeeyo inta u dhaxaysa martigeliyaha iyo martida iyada oo la qeexayo VM (.vmx):

cd "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\VMware\\VMware Workstation\\"
vmrun -T ws -gu Administrator -gp Password000 copyFileFromGuestToHost d:\\virtual\\WinServer2019\\WinServer2019.vmx "c:\\temp\\test.txt" "c:\\temp\\copied\\"
vmrun copyFileFromHostToGuest d:\\virtual\\WinServer2019\\WinServer2019.vmx "c:\\temp\\test3.txt" "c:\\temp\\test3-copy.txt"

SSH/SCP, WinSCP, iyo NFS: Marka shabakadu tahay saaxiibka ugu fiican

SSH iyo SCP waa mindida Ciidanka Swiss ee Linux iyo ESXi. SCP waxaad si badbaado leh ugu dhaqaaqdaa hal amar:

# Local > ESXi
scp LinuxDir.txt root@192.168.101.201:/vmfs/volumes/datastore10a/install/

# ESXi > Linux
scp -r /vmfs/volumes/datastore10a/install/ user1@192.168.101.210:/home/user1/

# Linux > ESXi (puerto no estándar)
scp -P 8022 -r /local/dir user1@192.168.101.201:/vmfs/volumes/datastore10a/install/

Daaqadaha, WinSCP waxay ku siinaysaa isku-xidhka laba-geesood ah oo loogu talagalay koobiynta inta u dhaxaysa kuwa maxalliga ah iyo kuwa fog. Haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad taabato wadaaga Windows SMB ee guddida deegaanka, khariidad wadista (S:, tusaale ahaan).

Socodyada waaweyn ee leh ESXi, ku dhejinta kheyraadka NFS sida kaydka xogta ayaa aad ugu habboon. Linux, ku rakib nfs-kernel-server, dhoofi dariiq, oo u oggolow dabka.:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server -y
sudo mkdir -p /srv/nfs/share1/
sudo chown -R nobody:nogroup /srv/nfs/share1/
sudo chmod 0777 /srv/nfs/share1/
echo "/srv/nfs/share1/ 192.168.101.0/24(rw,sync,no_subtree_check)" | sudo tee -a /etc/exports
sudo exportfs -a
sudo ufw allow from 192.168.101.201 to any port nfs
sudo systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server

On ESXi, ku dar kaydka xogta NFS (Hoste> Kaydinta > Kaydka xogta cusub > NFS). Laga soo bilaabo biraawsarka xogta kaydinta waxaad ka koobi kartaa NFS ilaa kaydka xogta deegaanka iyo lidka ku ah.. Waxa kale oo aad isticmaali kartaa CLI:

cp /vmfs/volumes/NFS-share/VM_file.txt /vmfs/volumes/datastore10b/VM_file-copy.txt

Soo rar/ku soo dejiso iyada oo loo marayo interface interface iyo sawirada ISO

Macmiilka VMware Host Client/VSphere Client wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad ka soo rogto/soo dejiso faylasha kaydka xogta browserka. Ka shaqeeya kombiyuutar kasta oo marin u leh shabakadda martida loo yahayHaddii aadan haysan shabakad ku taal VM oo aad u baahan tahay inaad u dirto xogta martida, ikhtiyaar kale ayaa ah inaad abuurto ISO faylalka oo aad ku dhejiso CD/DVD-gaaban (akhri-kaliya).

Iyada oo dhammaan noocyadan kala duwan (faylalka la wadaago, D&D, USB, shabakad, daruur, NFS, SCP, VMware aaladaha), waxaad haysataa beddelka xaalad kasta: Laga soo bilaabo wadaagista faylka degdega ah ilaa socodka soo noqnoqda ee u dhexeeya VM-yada badan ee leh siyaasadaha amniga iyo waafaqidHaddii shay uusan si sax ah u shaqeyneynin, hoos u dhig astaanta USB-ga, dib u rakib add-ons (Ku-darka Martida/ Qalabka VMware), oo hubi oggolaanshaha kooxda ee Linux; dhif iyo naadir ma jiraan wax dhibaatooyin ah oo aan lagu xallin karin hagaajintan.