Maitiro ekugadzirisa UEFI nhanho nhanho: yakazara uye yakachengeteka gwara

Kugadziridza UEFI yemukombuta yako kungaite senge ibasa rakaoma, asi kuzviita nemazvo kunogona kugadzirisa kugarisana, kuchengetedzeka, uye nyaya dzekuita, uku uchiwedzerawo hupenyu hwehurongwa hwako. Kana uine mibvunzo kana usina chokwadi nezve maitirwo acho, pano unowana gwara rakazara kuti unzwisise chikamu chega chega, kusanganisira chenjedzo, misiyano yevagadziri, uye kunyangwe zvekuita kana chimwe chinhu chikatadza. Isu tinotsanangura zvese nhanho nhanho, tichiunganidza iyo inonyanya kukosha uye yemazuva ano ruzivo kubva kune vanotungamira vanogadzira uye PC nyanzvi.

Usati wasvetukira mukuvandudza iyo UEFI (inozivikanwawo se Bios zvemazuva ano), zvakakosha kuti unzwisise mashandiro azvinoita, zvazvinoshandisirwa, njodzi dzipi uye zvazvakanakira zvainazvo uye, pamusoro pezvose, maitirwo azvo zvakachengeteka. Muchinyorwa ichi chese, tichafamba iwe mukati memaitiro ese, tichityora nzira yega yega uye maratidziro zvichienderana nemamiriro ako uye mhando yemidziyo, pamwe nekupa kurudziro yemhando yega yega.

Chii chinonzi UEFI uye chakasiyana sei neBIOS?

UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) ndiyo firmware inotsiva iyo yekare BIOS mumakomputa emazuva ano. Iyo ine basa rekubhuya sisitimu yekushandisa uye, zvisati zvaitika, yekutanga uye yekutanga kumisikidzwa kwese hardware, kubva RAM kuenda kuCPU, kusanganisira peripherals.

Nepo iyo yekirasi BIOS yaive shoma, inononoka, uye ine chengetedzo shoma, UEFI inobvumira hombe dhisiki manejimendi, nekukurumidza boot nguva, uye maficha seSecure Boot. Pamusoro pezvo, yakagadzirirwa kugashira zvigadziriso zvakasununguka uye kazhinji inopa yakanyanya mushandisi-inoshamwaridzika interface.

Sei uchifanira kugadzirisa UEFI yako?

Kugadziridza iyo UEFI hakusi kuda, asi kunogona kuve kwakakosha mune dzimwe nguva. Iyo UEFI inogadziridza inogadzirisa kusadzivirirwa kwekuchengetedza, inovandudza kuenderana neiyo nyowani Hardware (senge inotevera-chizvarwa processors kana RAM modules), inogadzirisa tsikidzi, uye inowedzera mashandiro ebhodhi reamai.

Zvikonzero zvinowanzoitika zvekuvandudza UEFI ndezvi:

• Gadzirisa kusawirirana nehardware itsva, senge maCPU achangoburwa kana RAM ayo mamaboard ako asingazive.
• Kuvandudza kugadzikana kwehurongwa uye kushanda, kushandisa zvigamba zvevagadziri.
• Isa zvigadziriso zvekuchengetedza mukupindura kune hurema hwakaonekwa.
• Wedzera advanced kana tsika maficha zvichienderana nemugadziri kana modhi.

Ndirini pazvisina kufanira kugadzirisa UEFI?

Hazvisi nguva dzose zvinokurudzirwa kugadzirisa UEFI "kana zvikaitika". Kana komputa yako iri kushanda zvakanaka, hauronge pakuwedzera chero zvinhu zvitsva, uye hapana yakakosha update inokurudzirwa yemhando yako, zviri nani kuisiya sezvairi. UEFI/BIOS zvigadziriso hazvina kuenzaniswa neanoshanda system kana firmware zvigadziriso. vatyairi, uko kunokurudzirwa kuve nemazuva ano.

Naizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa chete kufunga nezvekusimudzira kana:

• Mugadziri akaburitsa yakakosha update kune yako modhi.
• Iwe unoronga kuisa Hardware isingatsigirwe neyazvino UEFI vhezheni.
• Uri kusangana nematambudziko akakura ekugadzikana kana mamwe mabhugi anogona kugadziriswa chete kuburikidza ne firmware update.

Chengetedzo usati wagadziridza iyo UEFI

Kugadziridza iyo UEFI kune njodzi dzayo, saka kune mamwe matanho ekutanga aunofanira kunyatso kutevedzera. Kudzima kwemagetsi, kushandiswa kweiyo firmware isiriyo, kana kukanganisa panguva yekuita kunogona kuita kuti PC yako isashande (inozivikanwa se "bricking"). Saka, zvinokosha kuti:

• Chengetedza data rako rakakosha: Maitiro acho pachawo haabvise chero chinhu, asi kana chimwe chinhu chikatadza unogona kurasikirwa nekuwana system yako.
• Ita shuwa kuti PC yako yakabatana kune yakagadzikana magetsi sosiKana iri laptop, ita shuwa kuti bhatiri rakachajwa 50% uye rakabairwa mudura remagetsi.
• Vhara mapurogiramu ese uye kumisa chero kumashure mabasa usati watanga update.
• Tarisa kaviri izvozvo downloads chaizvo iyo firmware faira yeiyo yako mamaboard modhi. Usashandise mafaira kubva kune imwe modhi, kunyangwe akafanana.
• Iva neBitLocker makiyi ako ari nyore kana iwe ukashandisa encryption pane yako hard drive, sezvavanogona kukumbirwa mushure mekusimudzira, kunyanya mu malaptop.
• Kana iwe uine overclocking, dzima uye nyora pasi chero zvigadziriso zvakagadziridzwa kare, sezvo UEFI inowanzodzokera kune zvigadziriso zvefekitori.

Ndinoziva sei kuti ndeipi vhezheni yeUEFI yandinayo?

Kutsvaga yako yazvino UEFI (kana BIOS) vhezheni iri nyore uye yakakosha nhanho yekutanga usati watsvaga chero zvigadziriso. Iwe unogona kuzviita nenzira dzakawanda:

• Kuburikidza nehurongwa hweruzivo Windows: Dzvanya Windows+R, nyora msinfo32 uye tsvaga "BIOS vhezheni" kana "BIOS vhezheni / zuva" chikamu.
• Kubva kuUEFI menyu pachayo: : tangazve PC uye uwane iyo nekudzvanya kiyi yakaratidzwa (kazhinji Del, F2, F10, F12 kana Esc zvichienderana nemugadziri).
• Pa boot screen: : Iyo UEFI/BIOS vhezheni uye mamaboard modhi inowanzoitika muchidimbu.
• Kushandisa kurumidza kuraira: anoita cmd uye nyora wmic bios kuwana smbiosbiosversion.
• Chechitatu bato zvikumbiro kufanana neCPU-Z inoratidzawo UEFI vhezheni yakaiswa.

Ndekupi kurodha yakagadziridzwa UEFI firmware?

Kudhawunirodha chaiyo yekuvandudza kwakakosha, uye iwe unofanirwa kuzviita kubva kune yepamutemo webhusaiti yeako mamaboard kana PC mugadziri.

• Kune maPC ane brand (Dell, Asus, HP, Lenovo, nezvimwewo): Enda kuwebhusaiti yekutsigira yepamutemo, isa iyo komputa yako chaiyo modhi kana serial nhamba, uye tarisa muBIOS/UEFI/firmware chikamu.
• Zvemakomputa akagadzirwa (kana kana iwe uchiziva yako mamaboard brand): tsvaga iyo chaiyo modhi mune yekudhawunirodha yemugadziri kana chikamu chetsigiro yehunyanzvi (ASUS, MSI, Gigabyte, ASRock, nezvimwewo).

Ingo dhawunirodha iyo UEFI faira yemhando yako chaiyoUsambofa washandisa firmware kubva kune imwe mamaboard, kunyangwe kana musiyano wezita uchiita seushoma.

Nzira dzekuvandudza UEFI nhanho nhanho

Pane nzira dzinoverengeka dzekuvandudza firmware zvichienderana nemugadziri uye modhi. Pazasi ini ndinotsanangura akajairika uye akachengeteka iwo:

1. Gadziridza kubva kuWindows (official utility)

Mazhinji mamaboard uye mazita ekugadzira macomputer ekugadzira (kunyanya Dell, Asus, Lenovo, HP) anopa zvishandiso zvinokutendera iwe Gadziridza iyo UEFI zvakananga kubva kuWindowsIyi ndiyo nzira yakapusa, chero iwe uchingoshandisa chishandiso chepamutemo uye usina nyaya dzekugadzikana neako yekushandisa system.

• Dhawunirodha chishandiso chepamutemo kubva kune webhusaiti yemugadziri (inogona kunzi BIOS Yekuvandudza Utility, SupportAssist, MyASUS, Lenovo Vantage, nezvimwewo).
• mhanyisa chishandiso uye tevera matanho. Iyo inowanzoona modhi yako, dhawunirodha yazvino vhezheni, uye wotangazve PC yako kuti upedze maitiro.
• Usadzima komputa Usavhiringidze update chero mamiriro ezvinhu kusvikira yapera.

2. Gadzirisa uchishandisa USB flash drive yakarongwa muFAT32

Ndiyo nzira yepasirese uye inokurudzirwa kana sisitimu yekushandisa isati yatanga, mugadziri anoiratidza, kana kuti iwe unoda yakanyanya. kuvimbika. Kupfupisa matanho:

• Fomati chiyeuchidzo USB en FAT32 uye kopira iyo UEFI faira yakatorwa kumudzi wedhairekitori.
• Batanidza USB nePC yakadzimwa uye uwane iyo UEFI/BIOS menyu (nekudzvanya kiyi inoenderana mushure mekuvhura komputa).
• Tarisa iyo BIOS/UEFI yekuvandudza sarudzo (Flash Utility, EZ Flash, Q-Flash, M-Flash, USB BIOS Flashback…) uye sarudza USB flash drive uye yekuvandudza faira.
• Simbisa uye rega maitiro apedzeIyo PC inozotangazve kakawanda, uye kana yapedza, iwe unenge uine yazvino vhezheni yakaiswa.

Pane mamwe mabhodhi epamusoro-soro, unogona kugadzirisa UEFI kunyangwe isina CPU kana RAM yakabatana, uchishandisa bhatani re "BIOS Flashback", kana uine icho chimiro.

3. Kugadziridza kubva kuUEFI menyu pachayo (kuburikidza neInternet kana munharaunda)

Mahwendefa akawanda emazuva ano anobvumira gadziridza zvakananga kubva kuUEFI graphical interfaceIwe unogona kutsvaga faira pa USB flash drive kana kurodha pasi online kana yako mamaboard ichitsigira.

• Pinda EFA (Del/F2 pabhutsu) uye tsvaga chishandiso chinopenya (EZ Flash, Q-Flash, nezvimwewo).
• Sarudza kwaibva (USB kana network, sezvazvingave zvakadaro).
• Tevedza rairo rekrini kusvikira update yapera.

4. Gadzirisa kuburikidza neWindows Update

Mamwe maPC, kunyanya matsva, anogona kugamuchira UEFI/Bios zvigadziriso sechikamu che Windows Update, kungofanana nemutyairi.

• Enda kune Zvirongwa> Windows Update uye tarisa kune zvinogadziridzwa. Kana firmware iripo, ichaonekwa sechinhu chinosarudzwa (somuenzaniso, "Dell Firmware Update" kana "Asus BIOS").

Iyi nzira iri nyore kwazvo, asi iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti modhi yako inoenderana uye kuti ndiyo chaiyo vhezheni.

Zvinokurudzirwa uye matanho chaiwo maererano nemugadziri

Kuvandudza Dell makomputa

• Shandisa Dell KutsigiraAssist, Dell Update installer pachayo kana kudhawunirodha faira kubva pawebhusaiti yepamutemo mushure mekuzivisa modhi yako.
• Tevera wizard, tangazve kana wakurudzirwa uye inomisa BitLocker kwenguva pfupi kana diski yako yakavharidzirwa.
• Usabvisa chero chinhu kana kudzima chishandiso panguva yekuvandudza.

Simudzira paASUS mamaboards

• Tarisa yako chaiyo modhi kubva kuWindows (msinfo32) kana kubva kuEFI pachayo.
• Nguva dzose dhawunirodha faira kubva ku ASUS Download Center.
• Iyo nzira inogona kuitwa ne EZ Flash (kubva kuUEFI uchishandisa USB), AI Suite 3 (kubva kuWindows) kana, kana uine sarudzo, nebhatani renyama BIOS Flashback.
• Kana komputa yako iri Asus laptop, unogona kushandisa application MyASUS kuita otomatiki update.

Kugadziridza pane mamwe mabhureki (HP, Lenovo, MSI, Gigabyte…)

• Iyo nzira yakafanana zvikuru: dhawunirodha faira kubva kune yepamutemo webhusaiti, tevera mirairo chaiyo uye sarudza iyo USB nzira kana uine chero kusahadzika.
• Mumwe nemumwe anogadzira anodoma basa ravo rekuvandudza zvakasiyana: Q-Flash (Gigabyte), M-Flash (MSI), nezvimwewo. Ndokumbira utarise kune bhuku reruzivo maererano nemuenzaniso wako.

Chii chandinoita kana chimwe chinhu chikatadza kana PC yangu ikasatanga mushure mekugadzirisa UEFI?

Usavhunduke kana komputa yako ikasatanga mushure mekugadzirisa UEFI. Mahwendefa mazhinji emazuva ano anosanganisira nzira dzekudzoreredza, kunyangwe asiri ese anovimbisa kupora. Heano mamwe magadzirirwo akajairika:

• Bvisa chero zvigadzirwa zvekunze (USB, disks, docking stations) uye edza zvakare.
• Kwayedza ku gadzirisa zvakare BIOS/UEFI kubvisa bhatiri kubva pabhodhi reamai kwemaminitsi mashoma kana kushandisa jumper Dzokerazve.
• Ndokumbira utarise kune bhuku rekushandisa "" basa.Dhiyabhorosi BIOS«,«Kudzoreredza BIOS"Kana"USB BIOS Flashback»kana modhi yako ichisanganisira.
• Kana zvese zvikatadza, taura nerutsigiro rwehunyanzvi mugadziri.

Pamalaptops nematafura, ita shuwa kuti bhatiri riri pa50% kana kupfuura XNUMX% uye charger yabairwa. Dzimwe nguva, kuedza zvakare kugadziridza kubva kuUSB kunogona kugadzirisa nyaya.

Nyaya inoenderana:

Maitiro ekuwana uye kugadzirisa firmware (BIOS/UEFI) marongero kubva kuLinux uchishandisa systemctl uye systemd

Isaac

Anofarira munyori nezve nyika yemabytes uye tekinoroji zvakazara. Ini ndinoda kugovera ruzivo rwangu kuburikidza nekunyora, uye ndizvo zvandichaita mune ino blog, kukuratidza zvinhu zvese zvinonyanya kufadza nezve gadget, software, hardware, tekinoroji maitiro, nezvimwe. Chinangwa changu ndechekukubatsira kufamba munyika yedhijitari nenzira iri nyore uye inonakidza.