Persistent Memory Storage (PMEM): Chii uye mashandisirwo acho

Inoramba ichiyeuka kana PMEM Yakave imwe yeaya mazano anotaurwa nemunhu wese kana zvasvika pakunyanya kuita, mu-memory dhatabhesi, kana advanced virtualization. Haisi chete "imwe mhando ye RAM" kana "imwe mhando yedhisiki": inhanho nyowani mundangariro uye yekuchengetedza hierarchy inosanganisa zvakanakisa zvepasirese.

Kunzwisisa kuti ndangariro inopfuurira chii chaizvoizvo, kuti inoshanda sei, uye kuti inosiyana sei nemamwe marudzi endangariro. Kunzwisisa zvechinyakare DRAM, NVMe SSDs, kana kuchengetwa kwegore kwakakosha pakuita sarudzo dzehunyanzvi. Muchinyorwa chino, tichapwanya iyo pfungwa, tiongorore mashandisiro ayo (ndangariro, App Direct, vPMem, vPMemDisk, nezvimwewo), kuti inobatana sei neWindows, Linux, vSphere, uye nharaunda dzemidziyo, pamwe chete nemakesi ekushandiswa kwepasirese uye zvisingakwanisi.

Chii chinonzi kuramba uchiyeuka (PMEM kana PMem)?

Kuramba ndichiyeuka Imhando yepakati chengetedzo isingaite Iyo yemuviri inouya muchimiro cheDIMM module, zvichireva kuti yakaiswa muserver's standard memory slots padivi peDRAM. Kusiyana neyakajairwa RAM, inochengeta zvirimo kunyangwe mushure mekuvhara system, kutangazve, kudzimwa kwemagetsi, kana kuparara kwehurongwa.

Hunhu hwayo huri pakati pendangariro nekuchengetedzaInononoka pane yakachena DRAM, asi inokurumidza uye ine yakaderera latency pane SSD, kunyange NVMe. Kana yaiswa mu ndangariro bhaziIyo data iri padyo neCPU pane chero yechinyakare yekuchengetedza unit, saka kuwana kunoyerwa mu nanoseconds uye kwete mamicroseconds kana milliseconds.

Kuenderera mberi ndangariro modules Ivo vane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro kupfuura DRAM (128 GB, 256 GB, uye 512 GB pamodule hukuru hwakajairwa), uye mutengo wakaderera zvakanyanya paGB pane RAM, kunyangwe ichiri yakakwira kupfuura NVMe SSD. Ndosaka vachishandiswa senge sarudzo yepakati: kuwedzera zvakanyanya kuchengetedza pasina kubhadhara mutengo wakazara weDRAM yakachena, ukuwo uchiwana kukurumidza uchienzaniswa nekuchengetedza kwechinyakare.

Imwe pfungwa inokosha kutsungirira.Iyo data inoramba ichinyorwa kunyangwe iyo sisitimu yakavharwa nenzira inodzorwa kana nekuda kwekutadza kwemagetsi. Izvi zvinobvumira PMEM kushandiswa se zvakakurumidza kuchengetedza yezvimiro zvakakosha (metadata, matafura ekugovera, mu-memory dhatabhesi, matanda yekutengeserana, nezvimwewo).

PMEM basics uye nzira dzekuwana

Kuramba kuyeuka hakushandiswe nenzira imwechete neiyo RAM yenguva dzose.Zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekushanda uye chikuva, inogona kuratidzwa sevhavha yekuchengetedza, se-byte-addressable memory, kana seyakasanganiswa yezvose. Mafungiro mazhinji akakosha anouya pano.

Nzira dzekuwana muWindows neLinux PMEMs anowanzo kupatsanurwa kuita mhuri mbiri huru:

• Block Accessuko iyo PMEM inoita senge "yechinyakare" yekuchengetera chishandiso iyo inofamba nefaira system uye yekuchengetedza stack.
• Kupinda Kwakananga (rudzi rweDAX), iyo inoratidzirwa se-byte-addressable memory, kudzivirira chikamu chikuru chekuchengetedza uye kuwedzera kudzikisa latency.

Mune block access modeIyo PMEM inogona kuumbwa nemafaira masisitimu akadai NTFS ReFS muWindows, kana EXT4/XFS muLinux, inoshandiswa sekunge iri dhisiki rakanyanya kukurumidza. Ndiyo modhi inokurudzirwa kana kugarisana uye kureruka kuchidikanwa, kunyanya kune masevhisi asina kunyatso gadziridzwa kuti arambe achiyeuka.

Mune DAX modeIyo application inowana data nekuisa mepu yakananga inoenderera kune yayo kero nzvimbo. Kupinda "kuyeuka" kuwana, kwete "kuvhara" kuwana, zvichikonzera kushoma latency. Nekudaro, kana isina kurongwa uye kurongeka nemazvo, pane njodzi yekurasikirwa nedata kana isina kukwana kunyora, saka kubatanidza DAX nemagadzirirwo akaita se... Vhara Tafura Yeshanduro (BTT) kana kuvhara matafura eshanduro.

Matunhu, nzvimbo dzezita, uye PMemDisk

PMEM muviri modules Ivo havawanzo kutungamirirwa mumwe nemumwe kubva kune inoshanda sisitimu. Iwo anowanzo kuunganidzwa pamwe chete kuti awedzere kuita, kugona, kana kufambisa manejimendi, uye akati wandei pfungwa dzinouya pano.

Nzvimbo yendangariro inopfuurira Iyo seti yeimwe kana akawanda akaunganidzwa mamodule, anowanzo gadziridzwa mu Bios kana sevha yeUEFI. Ivo vanowanzo gadzira seti yakapindirana, kuitira kuti akateedzana ndangariro kero agovaniswa pakati akati wandei mamodule kuti awedzere anowanikwa bandwidth.

Pamapuratifomu akadai seWindows Server uye Azure LocalMadhisiki ane musoro anonzi PMemDiskA PmemDisk ingori dhizaini yakasarudzika yeasina-inotenderera ndangariro kero inounzwa kune sisitimu sekunge iri dhisiki drive kana LUN.

Imwe neimwe inopfuurira memory module ine tag yekuchengetedza nzvimbo (Label Storage Area, LSA) uko metadata yekumisikidza (mazita enzvimbo, nhengo yedunhu, nezvimwewo) inochengetwa. Zvishandiso zvakaita secmdlets kubva PowerShell (Get-PmemDisk, Get-PmemPhysicalDevice, Get-PmemUnusedRegionetc.) inokutendera kuti uone kuti ndeapi mamodule emuviri anotora chikamu mune imwe neimwe PmemDisk, tarisa mamiriro avo, uye gadzira kana kudzima anoenderera memory logic disks.

Munzvimbo dzeESXi/vSpherePfungwa yakafanana, asi izwi rinoshanduka: tinotaura nezvayo PMem mazita enzvimbo Iyo hypervisor inoona uye inosanganisa mavhoriyamu aya kuita mavhoriyamu ane musoro uchishandisa matafura eGPT. Aya mavhoriyamu anobva aiswa sePMem dhatatori, izvo zvinozoratidzwa kune chaiwo muchina sevPMem kana vPMemDisk.

Vhara Dudziro Tafura (BTT) uye Data Chengetedzo

Tsanangudzo yakapfava yePMEM inopesana neSSD Dambudziko nderekuti anoshingirira ndangariro mamodule haasanganisire mhando yedziviriro kubva ku "chikamu chinonyora" seyakajairwa. akabvaruka anonyora izvo zvatinogona kuwana pane akawanda bhizinesi flash drives.

Kana kudzima kwemagetsi kana kuparara kwehurongwa kunoitika Pakati chaipo pekuita basa rekunyora, zvinogoneka kuti imwe data nyowani ichanyorwa apo imwe data yekare ichisara, ichisiya zvikamu muchimiro chisingaenderane. Kuderedza njodzi iyi, zvinotevera zvinoshandiswa: Vhara Tafura Yeshanduro (BTT), chidimbu chinopa atomic sector yekuvandudza semantics.

BTT inoshanda semuturikiri pakati pemakero ane musoro neanowanikwa Uye inova nechokwadi chekuti, kune maapplication, anonyora anoita senge "chinyakare block" anonyora: iwo anozadza zvizere kana kuenda asingaonekwe. Kugonesa BTT kunokurudzirwa zvakanyanya mune ese ari maviri block access uye DAX modes, kunyanya sezvo kunyangwe data rekushandisa richiwanikwa uchishandisa memory semantics, faira system metadata ichiri kushandisa block modhi.

MuWindows, BTT inzvimbo yePmemDiskNaizvozvo, inofanirwa kuve yakagoneswa panguva yekusikwa kwayo (semuenzaniso, ne New-VHD ... -AddressAbstractionType BTT) kana kushandura hard drive iripo kuita BTT nayo Convert-VHDMushure mekushandura, zvinokurudzirwa kuvandudza zita rezita rezita ne Set-VHD -ResetDiskIdentifier kudzivirira kukakavara kana madhisiki ese ari maviri ari mumushini wakafanana.

Inoramba ichiyeuka hardware: NVDIMM uye Optane

Kuramba kuyeuka hakusi tekinoroji yemuviri.asi pane mhuri yezvigadziriso inoita zvakafanana kubva pakuona kweiyo sisitimu yekushandisa. Pakati pezvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndezvi:

• NVDIMM-NMamodule anosanganisa DRAM neNAND flash, anotsigirwa nebhatiri kana supercapacitor. Kana yaiswa simba, iyo data inoiswa muDRAM; kana simba radzimwa kana kuti simba rikarasika, rinonyorerwa kupenya.
• Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory (DCPMM): ma modules akavakirwa pa 3D XPoint tekinoroji, akagadzirirwa kupa latencies padyo nendangariro uye hunyanzvi hwakakwirira kupfuura DRAM.

PaWindows Server 2016 uye 2019, Azure Local uye mamwe mapuratifomuTsigiro yeaya ma module anosiyana zvichienderana neshanduro, asi pfungwa yakajairika yakafanana: inogona kushandiswa seyakachena inopfuurira ndangariro (App Direct) kana se "yakawedzerwa" ndangariro (memory mode).

Optane DC PMem inobvumira matatu makuru ekushandisa modesiyo inowanzo gadziriswa muBIOS ye server:

• Memory ModeIyo PMEM inoita seyepamusoro-chaiyo main memory, nepo iyo DRAM inoshandiswa seyekukurumidza cache yeanonyanya kushandiswa data. Mune iyi modhi, chiyeuchidzo chinoita sechinyakare; kana simba rakagurwa, data inorasika.
• App Direct ModePMEM inofumurwa seinoramba isingaiti-inoshanduka ndangariro, inosvikika neiyo inoshanda sisitimu senzvimbo dzekuchengetera kana byte-addressable memory. Ndiyo nzira yakanakira ye-mu-memory dhatabhesi, yakanyanya kukurumidza kuchengetedza, uye kushingirira-inonzwa kuremerwa kwebasa.
• Mixed ModeChikamu chemodule chakachengeterwa Memory Mode uye chimwe chikamu cheApp Direct, ichibvumira chiyero chekuwedzera kusimba kwekuyeuka uye kuenderera kuchengetedza.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti usakanganise "Memory mode" neDAXMemory mode inobata PMEM seinononoka RAM uye anorasikirwa nekutsungiriraDAX, nepo DAX iri nzira yekuwana inoenderera mavhoriyamu anochengeta data pakati pekutangazve.

PMEM mune virtualization nharaunda (vSphere uye ESXi)

In vSphere, kuramba ndangariro yakatsigirwa kubva shanduro 6.7 uye gare gare. Munzvimbo idzi, ma module ePMEM emuenzi anounzwa seyepamusoro-yekumhanya dhata dhata chitoro icho chaiwo michina inogona kushandisa munzira mbiri.

vPMem (chaiyo inopfuurira ndangariro) PMEM inofumura muenzi anoshanda sisitimu sea chaiyo NVDIMMKubva pamaonero eVM, zvinoita sekunge muenzi ane NVDIMM modules, achibvumira muenzi anoshanda sisitimu uye maapplication kuti awane inoenderera ndangariro mu byte-addressable mode.

vPMemDisk (virtual persistent memory disk) Inoshanda zvakasiyana: ndangariro dzinoramba dzichiunzwa senge SCSI dhisiki ine zviri mukati zvinogara mune inotambira PMem data store. Iyi sarudzo inobatsira zvikuru kune ekare masisitimu anoshanda kana dhisiki-chete maapplication.

Kuchengetedzwa kwePMEM yemuchina chaiwo Izvi zvinoitwa kana vPMem disk yagadzirwa kana kuti vNVDIMM mudziyo wawedzerwa, uye inoramba yakachengeterwa iyo VM ingave yakabatidzwa kana kuvharwa, kusvika yadzimwa kana kutamiswa. Mumasumbu, huwandu hwePMEM hunodyiwa neVM dzese haugone kudarika huwandu hwese huripo padziva rekugamuchira.

Nezve kuwanikwa kwepamusoro uye kutamaKune akati wandei nuances: VM ine vPMem inogona kungotamirwa kune muenzi ane zvakare PMEM iripo, nepo VM ine vPMemDisk inogona kutamirwa kune muenzi pasina PMEM kana dhisiki yakadzokororwa kana kuendeswa kune imwe mhando yekuchengetedza uchishandisa Storage vMotion.

Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti PMEM inzvimbo yekuchengetedza. kumubati, uye mhinduro dze negadziriro yeparutivi Nzira dzekudzokorora dzinotsamira pakuchengetwa kwechinyakare dzinogona kusashanda nemazvo. Uyezve, mumamiriro ezvinhu akakomba ekutadza, kurasikirwa kwedata kunogoneka kana nzira yekudzivirira yakakodzera isati yaitwa.

PMEM paWindows Server, Azure Local, uye Nzvimbo dzekuchengetera Direct

Windows Server 2019 uye Azure Local batanidza chiyeuchidzo chinopfuurira ne Nzvimbo dzekuchengetera dzakananga (S2D)inova ndiyo yakakosha SDS (software-defined storage) tekinoroji munzvimbo idzi. Pano, PMEM inogona kutamba basa re ultra-fast cache level kune mamwe mayunitsi.

Storage Spaces Direct inonzwisisa mana makuru marudzi emadhiraivhaPMem, NVMe, SSD, uye HDD. Zvichienderana nekubatanidzwa, iyo sisitimu inogadzirisa otomatiki kuti ndeipi dhisiki yemhando ichashandiswa secache uye iyo senge yekuchengetedza, ichitevera hierarchy: PMem> NVMe> SSD> HDD.

Mimwe misanganiswa yakajairika ndeye:

• PMem + NVMe + HDD: PMem seyepamusoro cache, NVMe uye HDD sehuwandu.
• NVMe + SSD: NVMe sekunyorera-chete cache yeSSD.
• SSD + HDD: SSD sekuverenga / kunyora cache yeHDD.

Kana cache iri pamusoro pemadhiraivha (NVMe paSSD, semuenzaniso), inogadziriswa mumodhi kunyora cheteKuverenga kunopihwa zvakananga kubva kumayuniti ekugona nekuti yavo latency yatove yakaderera, uye nekudaro cache inogona kutsaurirwa kubatanidza zvinyorwa uye kuderedza kupfeka.

Kana iyo cache iri pamusoro peHDD, inoshanda mumodhi Kuverenga nekunyoraIyo inochengeta kuverenga kakawanda kuti irege kupinda zvisina tsarukano kune mechanical disk uye inotora kuputika kwezvinyorwa, kurongekazve mashandiro kuitira kuti vasvike madhisiki mumapateni anoteedzana sezvinobvira.

Mune mamiriro ane NVMe, SSD uye HDD yakasanganiswaNVMe madhiraivha anowanzo shanda secache kune ese maSDD (nyora-chete) uye HDDs (verenga-nyora). Iyo sisitimu ine simba inobatanidza cache madhiraivha kune huwandu dhiraivha pachiyero che1: N uye inodzoreredza iyo kugoverwa kana madhiraivha awedzerwa kana kubviswa.

Kana PMem kana NVMe cache dhiraivha ikatadzaDhata risati radhawunirodhwa kumayuniti ekugona rakarasika. chete pane iyo serverNekudaro, makopi akadhindwa pane mamwe ma cluster node (semuenzaniso, mune katatu girazi gadziriso) inobvumira Storage Spaces Direct kuti ivakezve ruzivo.

Inoramba ichiyeuka muLinux (muenzaniso: Red Hat Enterprise Linux)

Mune bhizinesi Linux nharaunda dzakadai seRHELPMEM inowanzoratidzwa semidziyo /dev/pmemX kana semidziyo yeNVDIMM inotungamirirwa kuburikidza kernel zvishandiso (semuenzaniso, ndctl).

Red Hat uye kumwe kugoverwa bvumira kushandiswa kweNVDIMM se:

• Bvisa kuchengetedza yechinyakare, yakarongwa neEXT4, XFS, nezvimwe.
• Byte-addressable memory muDAX modhi, kukwirisa faira masisitimu nerutsigiro rwakananga paPMem zvishandiso.
• Sisitimu mudzi mudziyokuisa iyo inoshanda sisitimu paNVDIMM kudzikisa zvakanyanya nguva dzebhoti bhutsu.

Sezvakaita muWindows, tinotaura nezve yekuchengetedza kirasi memory (SCMIri izwi rinoreva chikamu chemidziyo inosanganisa kuchengetedza uye ndangariro. Mhosva dzekushandisa dzakajairwa dzinosanganisira dhatabhesi dzinonyanya kudiwa, yakakwirira-inoshanda cache, meseji mitsetse, uye masisitimu anoda kudzikisa pamusoro. el tiempo kupora mushure mekutangazve.

PMEM vs DRAM, SSD, HDD uye NVMe

Kuti unzwisise zvizere kukosha kwePMEM Zvakakodzera kuzvienzanisa nematekinoroji atinotoshandisa mazuva ese.

DRAM Ndiyo inokurumidza kukurumidza-chinangwa ndangariro kune sevha, asiwo inodhura zvakanyanya pagigabyte uye inoshanduka zvachose. Yayo yakajairwa DIMM saizi (16, 32, 64, 128, kana 256 GB) inowedzera mumutengo sezvo huwandu hunowedzera, kudzikamisa kuti yakawanda sei inogona kuiswa mutengo usati warambidzwa.

SSDs uye NVMe Ivo vanopa kushingirira uye kuita kwakanyanya kudarika HDDs, asi vachiri midziyo yekuchengetera "kure" kubva kuCPU: yakabatana kuburikidza neSATA, SAS, kana PCIe, kwete mubhazi rekurangarira. Nguva yavo yekuwana, kunyange yakanaka, haisviki kune iyo yePMEM, iri padyo nemaitiro e RAM.

HDD Ivo vachiri kuhwina maererano nemutengo paTB uye mbishi huwandu, asi yavo latency uye zvisina kujairika kuita makore akareruka kuseri kweDRAM nePMEM. Naizvozvo, mune zvivakwa zvemazuva ano, zvakachengeterwa kutonhora data layer uye kuiswa pazasi flash uye/kana PMEM layer.

PMEM inogara pakati peDRAM neNVMeZvishoma zvishoma pane yakachena RAM, asi ine yakakura kwazvo module saizi, mutengo unokwikwidza paGB, uye mukana wekuchengetedza data. Kuenzaniswa neSSDs neNVMe, inopa yakaderera latencies uye byte-level yekuwana, ichiita kuti ive yakanakira mu-mundangariro mabasa, asi nemutengo wakakwira.

Kuenderera mberi kwekushandisa ndangariro

Iwo maapplication anobatsira zvakanyanya kubva kuPMEM Aya ndiwo anosanganisa kudiwa kwekumhanya uye kusimba kwedata, kana izvo zvinoda huwandu hukuru hwekurangarira pasina mutengo wekukwira.

Mimwe mienzaniso yakajairika yekushandisa ndeye:

• In-memory databases seSAP HANA, Oracle In-Memory, REDIS kana MSSQL ine optimization yePMEM.
• Makuru data mabasa (Hadoop, Spark, kuongorora kukuru) uko kwakakosha kuve nemaseti makuru akagadzirira mundangariro pakutanga.
• Virtualization platforms vanoda kudzikisa kuchengetedza latency kune mamwe maVM akakosha.
• Machine kudzidza uye IAuko kukurumidza-kukurumidza kuwana kune seti yekudzidziswa kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya nguva yekudzidziswa.
• Genomic sequencing uye ongororo yesainzi, uko dhatabhesi dzakakura dzinonyanya kunzwisiswa nekugadzirisa nguva dzinobatwa.
• Data processing IoT munguva chaiyo, kuita nekukurumidza kune zviitiko zvikuru zvinogadzirwa nemasensor.
• Nyanzvi yekugadzirisa uye kupa vhidhiyonekukasira kuwana mafaera makuru uye mapurojekiti akaomarara.
• Mitambo uye mainjini emifananidzo mu server kana makore emitambo nharaunda, kuderedza kurodha nguva dzemazinga uye midziyo.

Padanho rezvivakwaInoshandiswawo senge inorambira cache layer pamusoro peNVMe/SSD/HDD mumasisitimu akadai seStation Spaces Direct, kuve nechokwadi chekuti ichangobva kunyorwa kana kuverenga data iri padyo neCPU sezvinobvira pasina kupa kushivirira kukanganisa.

Kuramba kuchichengetedza mumashandisi uye midziyo

Kana tichitaura nezvekuramba tichichengetedza Munyika yewebhu maapplication uye midziyo, inotarisisa haisi paPMEM chete, asi pane chero nzira inovimbisa kuti data inopona panotangazve, kutumirwa, uye kugadzirisa.

Mune classic monolithic applicationSevha uye kuchengetedza zvinowanzobatanidzwa, saka kuwana dhisiki yemunharaunda kana SAN kwakatwasuka. Asi kana isu tikatamira kune akagoverwa ezvivakwa kana mamicroservices munzvimbo dzakawanda, zvinhu zvinowedzera kuoma: sisitimu yekuchengetera inofanirwa kuwanikwa pasi rose, chengetedza kuenderana, uye kushingirira kutadza.

Nekuuya kwemidziyo (Docker, Kubernetes, nezvimwewo), dambudziko rinowedzera. Midziyo ndeye, nemasikirwo, ephemeral uye haina nyika. Kana mudziyo ukaparadzwa, zvese zvakachengetwa chete mukati memukati faira system zvinoparadzwa nazvo.

Ndicho chikonzero mavhoriyamu uye mavhoriyamu anoramba achishandiswa.Iyo yakajairwa Docker vhoriyamu inogona kupona mugaba reboot, asi kana mudziyo ukabviswa uye vhoriyamu yakabatana ikabviswa, data rinorasika. Mavhoriyamu anoramba aripo (kana mamongi emhando `<volume>`) akasiyana. kusungaIwo ari kunze kwechigadziko faira system, pane iyo saiti kana pane iri kure yekuchengetedza backend, uye inoenderera kunyangwe iyo application ikagadzirwazve.

Mapuratifomu seKubernetes Vanosuma pfungwa yekuti Persistent Volume (PV) y Persistent Volume Claim (PVC) kubvisa chengetedzo yemuviri (inogona kunge iri HDD, SSD, NAS, SAN, NFS, cloud solutions kana kunyange PMEM pane muenzi) uye kubvumira zvikumbiro kukumbira "x gigabytes yekuramba uchichengeta" usingazive zviri pasi.

Vanopa seKinsta kana zvakafanana Ivo vanoshandisa anoenderera Kubernetes mavhoriyamu

kuitira kuti zvikumbiro zvakabatirwa zvichengetedze data ravo zvakavimbika. Kubva pakuona kwemugadziri, saizi uye rudzi rwevhoriyamu zvinotsanangurwa, uye chikuva chinotarisira kuigadzira kune chaiyo yekuchengetedza kwemuviri.

Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, PMEM inogona kuita seyekupedzisira-inokurumidza backend kune mamwe mavhoriyamu anoenderera mberi (semuenzaniso, yeI/O-yakadzika dhatabhesi), nepo mamwe ese data akachengetwa paSSD kana HDD, kuwana chiyero pakati pekuita uye mutengo.

Mhando uye magadzirirwo ekuchengetedza anoramba aripo

Kupfuura iyo Hardware kongiriKuchengetedza kunoramba kuripo kunogona kurongeka mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvivakwa, imwe neimwe inokodzera kune chaiwo maitiro ekushandisa.

Object architecture Inochengeta data sezvinhu zvine metadata uye chiziviso, pane mabhuroko kana mafaera. Yakanakira data isina kurongeka (mifananidzo, mavhidhiyo, zvinyorwa) uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumakore eruzhinji (S3, Azure Blob Storage, nezvimwewo). Kiyi apa ndeye scalability uye durability, pane ultra-low latency.

Block architecture Inopa chengetedzo seyakagadziriswa-saizi inogadziriswa mabhuroko. Iyi ndiyo yekare dhisiki uye LUN modhi uye inosarudzika patinotaura nezvayo HPC, dhatabhesi, nyanzvi yekugadzirisa vhidhiyo, kana kutamba nekuti inopa yakaderera latency, yakanyanya kuita, uye yakanyatso kudzora yakafanana I/O mashandiro.

Faira architecture Iyo yakavakirwa pane akagovaniswa kana emunharaunda faira masisitimu (EXT4, NTFS, NFS, SMB, nezvimwewo). Yakanakira maapplication anoda kunyengedza mafaera ane nzira, mvumo, uye hierarchies, senge web CMSs, mapuratifomu ekubatana, multimedia zvemukati manejimendi masisitimu, nezvimwe.

PMEM inokwana zvakanyanya mu block uye byte memory modhiNekudaro, inogona kubatanidzwa pasi pefaira system kana kunyangwe seyekupedzisira-inokurumidza backend yemhinduro dzechinhu, ichiita semetadata kana inopisa data cache.

Zvakanakira uye ganhuriro dzechinopfuurira ndangariro

Izvo zvakakosha zvePMEM anowanzo kutaurwa muzvirongwa zvebhizinesi ndeaya:

• Far superior performance zvichienzaniswa nekuchengetwa kwechinyakare, kunyanya mune zvidiki zvisingaverengeki kuverenga / kunyora.
• Yakaderedzwa latency, ari mubhazi rendangariro uye achikwanisa kupinda nemabhayiti.
• No volatility: data rinoramba riri muchiitiko chekudzima kwemagetsi, kutadza kana kutangazve (mune anoramba modes).
• Greater memory scalability pamutengo wakaderera paGB pane DRAM.
• Zvirinani TCO Kune mamiriro ezvinhu uko kukwidziridza DRAM kungave kudhura zvakanyanya asi iyo NVMe SSD haipe inodiwa latency.
• Advanced kuchengetedza sarudzo nekukwanisa encrypt data mumamodule uye nekupa imwe dziviriro kune "inopisa" ndangariro.

Kunyange zvakadaro, inewo zvipingamupinyi zvayo uye matambudziko.:

• Mutengo wakakwira kupfuura SSD uye NVMeNaizvozvo, hazvina musoro kutsiva zvese zvakachengetwa nePMEM.
• Kuenderana kwakaganhurirwa nemamwe mahardware, masisitimu anoshanda kana hypervisors, kunyanya munzvimbo dzechikuru.
• Yakaderedzwa kugona uye chigadzirwa chinopihwakunyanya mushure mekumiswa kwemitsara seIntel Optane.
• Adoption yakaomaKuti uwane zvakanyanya kubva pazviri, unofanirwa kugadzirisa maapplication, kugadzirisa mafaera masisitimu, uye kuve neyakajeka yekushingirira zano.

Chokwadi ndechekuti ndangariro dzinoramba dzichiita zvine musoro kana dzichishandiswa zvine hungwaru.: seyekupedzisira-inokurumidza cache, seyepakati nhanho yekugona pakati peDRAM neNVMe, kana seyakatsaurirwa tsigiro yemadhatabhesi uye mu-mundangariro mabasa uko kumhanya uye kushingirira kunotsiva mutengo.

Kunyangwe zvidhori zvigadzirwa seIntel Optane zvakamiswaIzvo zvinodikanwa zvakagadziriswa nePMEM zvinosara: ndangariro dzakawanda, nekukurumidza, zvakachipa kupfuura DRAM, uye nekushingirira. Zvinotarisirwa kuti zvizvarwa zvitsva zvekuchengetedza-kirasi ndangariro, memory layering matekinoroji, uye mahybrid mhinduro acharamba achiongorora nzvimbo iyi pakati pechinyakare RAM uye misa chengetedzo.

Persistent memory storage (PMEM) uye yakafara pfungwa yekushingirira kwedata Vave zvidimbu zvakakosha zvechizvino-zvino chidziro chepuzzle: vanobvumira kuvakwa kwekukurumidza, scalable, uye kusimba masisitimu, chero iwo modhi, zvipimo, uye akakodzera makesi ekushandisa zvinonzwisiswa, uye zvakasanganiswa neHDD, SSD, NVMe, uye yakagoverwa kuchengetedza nenzira yakaenzana.