Yakazara gwara rekugovera mafaera pakati peaiti uye VirtualBox

Govera mafaera pakati pekombuta inotambira uye muchina chaiwo mukati Virtualbox Iri rimwe remabasa ayo, kana akagona, anokuchengetedza nguva yakawanda uye misoro. Icho chinongedzo ndechekusarudza nzira yakakodzera kune yega yega kesi.: akagova maforodha, dhonza uye udonhedze, USB, yemuno network kana kunyange gore kana zvaunoda kukanganwa nezve configurations.

VirtualBox, yakagadziridzwa neOracle, ndeyemahara uye yakavhurika sosi, uye inotsigira Windows, macOS, GNU/Linux, Genode uye Solaris. Irizvino 6.x shanduro dzinoshanda pa64 bits (Kana iwe uchida 32-bit, unofanira kushandisa shanduro dzekare kubva pawebsite yepamutemo.) Muzvikamu zvinotevera, uchaona, nhanho nhanho uye pasina matambudziko, nzira yekufambisa mafaira zvakachengeteka uye pasina zvinoshamisa, pamwe chete nedzimwe nzira kana uchishanda nayo. VMWare Workstation/ESXi.

Govera folda pakati peVirtualBox uye iyo yevaenzi system

Nzira yakanyanya nyore ndiyo inowanzo gadzira folda yakagovaniswa kubva kuVM kumisikidza. Nenzira iyi iwe uchave ne "bhiriji" rakagadzikana pakati pemuenzi nemuenzi., ine kuverenga-chete uye automount sarudzo.

• Vhura VirtualBox, sarudza iyo VM uye enda kuZvirongwa.
• Enda ku "Shared Folders" uye tora iyo folda icon ne "+".
• Pasi pe "Folder Path," sarudza "Zvimwe ..." uye sarudza iyo faira folda yaunoda kugovera.
• Pasi pe "Zita reFolder," tsanangura kuti zvichataridzika sei mukati memuenzi.
• Tarisa "Automount" kana iwe uchida kuti VM ikwire otomatiki paunotanga.
• Sarudzo: Tarisa "Verenga Chete" kudzivirira shanduko kubva kumuenzi.
• Simbisa neKubvuma. Dzokorora kune akawanda maforodha sezvaunoda..

Kana yangogadziriswa, tanga iyo VM. MuWindows muenzi, iwe uchaona iyo folda setiweki (LAN) share. Zvakajairika kuti iratidzike sechinhu chinosvikika chakafanana neyakagovaniswa folda panetiweki.. En Linux muenzi, VirtualBox inowanzoiisa mu "/media/sf_zita". Ona maitiro ekuseta kugovana pane network yemuno

Kana uri kushandisa Linux semuenzi, wedzera mushandisi wako kuboka re "vboxsf" kuti uwane pasina mvumo. mudzi. Iyi nhanho ndiyo kiyi kana iwe ukaona kurambidzwa mvumo.:

sudo usermod -aG vboxsf tu_usuario
# Cierra sesión y vuelve a entrar (o reinicia la VM)

Unoda kusimbisa kuchengetedza? Shandisa "Kuverenga Chete" mune yakagovaniswa folda kudzivirira kugadziridzwa kubva kumuenzi. Izvi zvakanakira vashandisi vasina ruzivo kuti vabvunze pasina kutyora chero chinhu..

Dhova uye udonhe uye ugovane clipboard

Iwe unodhonza faira kubva kumugadziri, uidonhedze paVM, uye ndizvozvo. nyore, hazvibviri. Kuti izvi zvishande, isa iyo Guest Additions mukati meiyo yevaenzi system.

• NeVM yakadzimwa, enda kuSettings> General> Advanced.
• Pasi Dhonza uye Donhedza, sarudza Mbiri-Nzira (kana Host to Guest, kana uchida kudzikamisa).
• Pasi pe "Goverana Clipboard," sarudza "Bidirectional" kukopa/kuisa mavara pakati pemasisitimu maviri aya.

Kamwe mukati meVM, edza kudhonza mafaera kana kukopa / kunamira zvinyorwa. Kana chimwe chinhu chikatadza, dzorerazve Guest Additions uye tangazve..

Kushandisa USB flash drive muVirtualBox

Kana iwe uchitoshanda neflash drive kana yekunze hard drive, unogona kuibatanidza kuVM kufambisa mafaera. Iwo manomano kugonesa iyo USB controller nemazvo uye kugadzira sefa yemudziyo wako..

1. MuVM Settings, enda ku "USB" uye tarisa "Gonesa USB Controller."
2. Sarudza chiyero (USB 2.0 kana 3.0 zvichienderana nezvaunoda).
3. Batanidza iyo USB kune anotambira, tinya "+" uye sarudza mudziyo wako kubva pane rondedzero.
4. Boot iyo VM: iyo USB ichabviswa kubva kune muenzi uye inoiswa mukati memuenzi.

Zvakakosha: Mune mamwe magadzirirwo, Kushandisa USB 3.0 kunogona kukonzera kubondera kana kuti VM kusatombotanga. bhutsuKana ukasangana nemaitiro asina kujairika, edza USB 2.0 kana, kuti ienderane zvakanyanya, USB 1.1 (inononoka asi yakasimba). Nekuchengetedza, dzima iyo USB controller kana isingadiwi.

Linux Muenzi: Mount Point, vboxsf Group, uye Manual Mounting/Unmounting

Kana iwe uchida kutonga kwakazara muGNU/Linux, unogona kutsanangura yakatarwa poindi uye woisa iyo folda otomatiki kana nemaoko. Iyi nzira inokubvumira kudzokorora chimiro chakajeka, semuenzaniso kune multimedia.

Muenzaniso unoshanda: ngatiti iwe unogovera pane mubati "C:\mafirimu»uye iwe unoda kuiisa pa «/home/joan/movies»mukati meLinux muenzi.

1. PaLinux VM, gadzira nzvimbo yekukwira:

   mkdir -p /home/joan/movies

2. Vhara iyo VM uye muVirtualBox tsanangura iyo yakagovaniswa folda:
   • Nzira: "C: \\ mafirimu"
   • Zita: "mafirimu"
   • Automount: yakabatidzwa
   • Mount point: "/home/joan/movies"
3. Boot uye wedzera mushandisi wako kuboka re "vboxsf" kana usati watove:

   sudo usermod -aG vboxsf "$(whoami)"
   # Reinicia la VM para aplicar los cambios

Kana iwe uchida kukwira nemaoko (usatarise "Automount" mumafaira efolda): inoshandisa iyo yakagovaniswa folda zita sesosi.

sudo mount -t vboxsf movies /home/joan/movies

Kuti disassemble gare gare: kuburutswa nezita kana nepokukwirirwa.

sudo umount -t vboxsf movies
# o
sudo umount /home/joan/movies

Ko shanduko dzinoshanda kune ese maVM matsva?

Imwe neimwe virtual muchina inyika pachayo. Folder, USB, clipboard, kana kudhonza-uye-kudonhedza sarudzo dzinotsanangurwa paVM.Kana iwe ukagadzira imwe itsva, iwe unozofanirwa kudzokorora kugadzirisa. Zvinogona kuita sekunetsa, asi zvinowedzera chengetedzo kana uchishanda nemaVM akawanda kamwechete.

Network Transfer: SMB/Samba, FTP/SFTP uye Adapter Settings

Kana iyo saiti uye VM vakagovana network, unogona zvakare kutamisa mafaera kuburikidza neakare maprotocol. Inobatsira kana iwe uchidzivirira kuisa plugins kana iwe ukashandisa maVM pasina graphical nharaunda..

• Network muVirtualBox: Isa iyo ku "Bridge Adapter" kuitira kuti VM ibatane neLAN yako; NAT ine mitemo yechiteshi inoshandawo.
• Samba/SMB: Govera folda pane iyo saiti uye uwane iyo kubva kumuenzi (kunyanya inobatsira pakati peWindows neLinux).
• FTP/SFTP: Gadzira sevha yeFTP/SFTP pane inotambira uye ubatanidze kwairi kubva kuVM nemutengi (FileZilla, lftp).

Chakanakira ndechekuti hauvimbe nekubatanidzwa kweVirtualBox. Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuti iwe unofanirwa kuvhura zviteshi uye kutarisira marezenisi..

Uchishandisa gore: Dhiraivha, OneDrive, Dropbox uye kambani

Cloud syncing yakanyanya nyore kana iwe ukashanda kune akawanda makomputa kana usingade kunetsa neVM marongero. Iwe unoisa mutengi pane muenzi uye muenzi, sarudza maforodha uye mhanya. Cloud synchronization Kazhinji ndiyo inonyanya kushanda sarudzo yekuchengetedza mafaira akafanana.

Ngwarira nenzvimbo: mapuratifomu anowanzo kupa maviri modes. Kudhawunirodha yakazara (zvese zvemuno) kana "pane-inoda mafaera" (cloud link kusvika wavhura faira)Kune maVM, yechipiri inowanzova nani kudzivirira kudzokorora gigabytes.

WeTransfer mhando yewebhu maapplication

Nekuchinjisa-kamwe-nguva, zvishandiso seWeTransfer zvinokutendera iwe kurodha imwe kana akawanda faira uye kugovera chinongedzo kana email. Inokurumidza, haidi kugadziridzwa uye inobvumira mafaira makuruKubata ndeyekuti haisi otomatiki: kana ukakanganwa kurodha faira, uchafanirwa kudzokorora maitiro.

Kana uri kushandisa VMware: Akagova maforodha, D&D, USB, uye misiyano neESXi

MuVMware Workstation/Fusion kune zvakare "Akagoverwa Mafolda". Iwe unoda VMware Zvishandiso mukati memuenzi, wobva wavagonesa muVM> Zvirongwa> Sarudzo> Mafolda Akagoverwa> Gara Uchigonesa. Wedzera folda, ipe zita, uye sarudza "Gonesa iyi mugove."

MuGuest Windows uchaona "\vmware-host\Shared Folders\\Nombre\\». MuLinux, unogona kukwira ese mashekeri (maererano nekernel):

# Kernel < 4.0
mount -t vmhgfs .host:/ /home/user1/shares

# Kernel ≥ 4.0
/usr/bin/vmhgfs-fuse .host:/ /home/user1/shares -o subtype=vmhgfs-fuse,allow_other

Dhonza uye udonhedze uye kopi / unama zvinogoneswa muSarudzo> Kusarudzika Kwevaenzi nekutarisa "Gonesa kudhonza uye kudonhedza" uye "Gonesa kopi uye unamate". PaESXi, kuitira kuchengetedza, kukopa/kunamira zvinyorwa zvinotenderwa chete (kana uchigonesa)Kuti uigonese, wedzera aya ma paramita kune VM kumisikidzwa (powered off):

isolation.tools.copy.disable = "FALSE"
isolation.tools.paste.disable = "FALSE"
isolation.tools.setGUIOptions.enable = "TRUE"

USB pa Workstation yakatwasuka: plug mu flash drive uye sarudza "Batanidza kuVM." Kana akawanda maVM akabatidzwa, sarudza kuti ndeipi inotora. PaLinux, ungangoda kukwidza drive nemaoko.

ESXi inyaya yakasiyana: haina Shared Folders uye USB passthrough ine zvinodiwa. Unogona kubatanidza USB kune anotambira kana kubva kumutengi (Workstation/VMRC) kuenda kuVM iri kureKana iwe uchida kukwirisa USB zvakananga paESXi kukopa kune dhatastore, gadzira kamuti muVFAT (FAT) uye shandisa iyo CLI.

Gadzirira USB yeESXi uye kopi kubva kumutsara wekuraira

PaWindows, gadzira inokurumidza VFAT chikamu ne diskpart. VFAT inomisa iwe ku4GB pafaira, asi yakanakira kugadzirisa uye vatyairi:

diskpart
list disk
select disk 1
list partition
select partition 1
delete partition
select disk 1
create partition primary size=4000 id=6
format fs=fat quick
exit

Pa ESXi, kushandisa USB mugoko, misa iyo USB arbitrator, tsvaga mudziyo uye kopi. Izvi zvinosunungura iyo USB kubva otomatiki passthrough kuenda kuVMs:

/etc/init.d/usbarbitrator stop
lsusb
ls -ltrh /vmfs/devices/disks/
ls /dev/disks/mpx.vmhba32:C0:T0:L0:*
ls -al /vmfs/volumes/
# Supongamos volumen "NO NAME"
cp /vmfs/volumes/NO\ NAME/archivo.zip /vmfs/volumes/datastore10a/install/
# Copia inversa
cp /vmfs/volumes/datastore10a/Windows-VM/Windows-VM.vmx /vmfs/volumes/NO\ NAME/

Kana wapedza, unogona kutangazve USB arbiter: Aya ndiwo maitiro aunotora nzira yekuenda kuVMs.

/etc/init.d/usbarbitrator start

PowerCLI, vmrun, uye kukopa ku/kubva kudhatatori

PowerCLI inokutendera iwe kukopa mafaera kuenda/kubva kuVM paESXi kuburikidza neVMware Zvishandiso, pasina network. Inobatsira kana iwe usingade kuvhura madoko kana kukwira zviwanikwa.

# Conexión
Connect-VIServer 192.168.101.201

# Local > VM invitada
Copy-VMGuestFile -Source "c:\\temp\\test.txt" -LocalToGuest -VM Windows-VM -Destination "c:\\temp-VM" -GuestUser user1 -GuestPassword Password

# VM invitada > Local
Copy-VMGuestFile -Source "c:\\temp-VM\\test2.txt" -GuestToLocal -Destination "c:\\temp" -VM Windows-VM -GuestUser user1 -GuestPassword Password

Kubata nedatastores: kugadzira chikwata PowerShell uye shandisa Copy-DatastoreItem.

$datastore = Get-Datastore "datastore10a"
New-PSDrive -Location $datastore -Name ds -PSProvider VimDatastore -Root "\"
Set-Location ds:\
Copy-DatastoreItem -Item ds:\\Windows-VM\\Windows-VM.vmx -Destination c:\\temp
Copy-DatastoreItem -Item c:\\temp\\darwin.iso -Destination ds:\\install\\

NeVMware Workstation/Fusion une vmrun utility. Inoshandiswa kukopa pakati pemuenzi nemuenzi nekutsanangura iyo VM (.vmx):

cd "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\VMware\\VMware Workstation\\"
vmrun -T ws -gu Administrator -gp Password000 copyFileFromGuestToHost d:\\virtual\\WinServer2019\\WinServer2019.vmx "c:\\temp\\test.txt" "c:\\temp\\copied\\"
vmrun copyFileFromHostToGuest d:\\virtual\\WinServer2019\\WinServer2019.vmx "c:\\temp\\test3.txt" "c:\\temp\\test3-copy.txt"

SSH/SCP, WinSCP, uye NFS: Kana network iri shamwari yako yepamoyo

SSH uye SCP iSwiss Army banga muLinux neESXi. NeSCP unofambisa mafaera zvakachengeteka nemurairo mumwe chete:

# Local > ESXi
scp LinuxDir.txt root@192.168.101.201:/vmfs/volumes/datastore10a/install/

# ESXi > Linux
scp -r /vmfs/volumes/datastore10a/install/ user1@192.168.101.210:/home/user1/

# Linux > ESXi (puerto no estándar)
scp -P 8022 -r /local/dir user1@192.168.101.201:/vmfs/volumes/datastore10a/install/

PaWindows, WinSCP inokupa maviri-pane interface yekukopa pakati penzvimbo uye kure. Kana iwe uchida kubata Windows SMB share mune yemuno pani, mepu iyo drive (S:, semuenzaniso).

Kuyerera kwakakura neESXi, kukwirisa sosi yeNFS sechitoro chedhata kuri nyore kwazvo. PaLinux, isa nfs-kernel-server, tumira nzira, uye uibvumire mu firewall.:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server -y
sudo mkdir -p /srv/nfs/share1/
sudo chown -R nobody:nogroup /srv/nfs/share1/
sudo chmod 0777 /srv/nfs/share1/
echo "/srv/nfs/share1/ 192.168.101.0/24(rw,sync,no_subtree_check)" | sudo tee -a /etc/exports
sudo exportfs -a
sudo ufw allow from 192.168.101.201 to any port nfs
sudo systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server

PaESXi, wedzera iyo NFS datastore (Host> Self Storage > Chitoro chitsva> NFS). Kubva kubhurawuza rechitoro unogona kukopa kubva kuNFS kuenda kudura renzvimbo uye neimwe nzira.. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa iyo CLI:

cp /vmfs/volumes/NFS-share/VM_file.txt /vmfs/volumes/datastore10b/VM_file-copy.txt

Isa/dhawunirodha kuburikidza newebhu interface uye ISO mifananidzo

VMware Host Client/vSphere Client inobvumidza iwe kurodha/kudhawunirodha mafaera kubva mudura re data kubva kubrowser. Inoshanda kubva kune chero komputa ine mukana kune iyo host networkKana iwe usina network paVM uye uchingoda kutumira data kumuenzi, imwe sarudzo ndeye kugadzira ISO nemafaira uye kuiisa seyakaitika CD/DVD (yekuverenga-chete).

Nezvese izvi siyana (akagovaniswa maforodha, D&D, USB, network, gore, NFS, SCP, VMware maturusi), une dzimwe nzira dzeese mamiriro: Kubva kukurumidza kugovera faira kusvika kudzokororo kuyerera pakati peakawanda maVM ane chengetedzo uye anowirirana marongeroKana chimwe chinhu chisiri kushanda nemazvo, dzikisa chimiro che USB, dzorerazve ma-add-ons (Guest Additions/VMware Tools), uye tarisa mvumo yeboka muLinux; hapawanzove nechero matambudziko asingagone kugadziriswa neaya tweaks.