Yadda ake shigar da Android-x86 akan PC ɗin ku tare da injin kama-da-wane

Gwada Android akan PC ɗinku tare da injin kama-da-wane Kyakkyawan ra'ayi ne lokacin da kake son gudu apps na'urorin hannu ba tare da taɓa babban tsarin ku ba. Tare da VirtualBox ko VMware, zaku iya saita Android-x86 a cikin mintuna, gudanar da gwaje-gwaje, ƙirƙirar hotuna, kuma idan wani abu ya ɓace, mirgine baya ba tare da wani wasan kwaikwayo ba.

A cikin wannan jagorar mun haɗu Duk abin da kuke buƙata don shigar da Android-x86 akan VirtualBox da VMware, tare da shawarwari daga hardware, Sifofin da aka goyan baya, matakan shigarwa, da mafita ga matsalolin gama gari (takalma baƙar fata, adaftar nuni, GRUB, cibiyar sadarwa, da sauransu). Za ku kuma gani madadin kamar WSA, da Android Studio emulator ko Phoenix OS, da kuma lokacin da ya biya don daidaitawa tare da shigarwa na asali.

Mene ne Android-x86 kuma me yasa zazzage shi akan PC ɗin ku?

Android-x86 tashar jiragen ruwa ce ta tsarin aiki na Google zuwa gine-ginen x86/x64 tsara don aiki a kan kwamfuta da injunan kwalliyaBa kamar hotunan Android na hukuma ba (wanda ke da alaƙa zuwa ARM), wannan aikin yana daidaita kwaya, direbobi, da tsarin don PC.

Koyaya, akwai iyaka: Direbobin da aka haɗa sun fi na ciki ƙanana Windows o Linux tebur, don haka wasu kayan masarufi (zane-zane, sauti, Wi-Fi, taɓawa) na iya zama ƙalubale. Bugu da kari, ba za ku samu ba Sabunta OTA kuma wasu apps na iya kasa gano wurin da ba a tantance ba ko saboda sun dogara da su Ayyuka na Google da na'urori masu auna firikwensin jiki (accelerometer, gyroscope, GPS).

Babban fa'idar yin amfani da kayan aiki shine hakan Kuna rasa aiki kaɗan kaɗan tare da tsarin zamaniKuna iya gudanar da Android da Windows a lokaci guda, keɓe haɗari, da raba albarkatu. An shigar da shi akan faifai na zahiri, yana iya yin aiki mafi kyawu. amma kun daina ta'aziyya da "gyara" nan da nan da hotunan hoto suka ba ku.

Idan burin ka ne haɓaka, gwada ƙa'idodi, ko amfani da kayan aikin hannu akan PC ɗinku, VM shine manufa filin wasa. Don wasan da ake buƙata, Ayyukan zane da daidaitawa na iya zama shamaki, ko da yake don wasanni masu haske da kayan aiki na kayan aiki yawanci ya isa.

Bukatu da shawarar nau'ikan Android-x86

Don ƙwarewa mai santsi, yana nuni zuwa PC tare da ingantaccen kayan aikin kayan aiki (Intel VT-x/AMD-V a cikin BIOS/UEFI) da isasshen ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Android-x86 yana da nauyi, amma lokacin gudanar da tsarin biyu lokaci guda, yawan RAM, mafi kyau.

Na musamman shawarwari don VirtualBox/VMware: 2 GB RAM (mafi ƙarancin), 8 – 16 GB faifai na gani, 2 ko fiye da zaren CPUIdan kwamfutarka tana da RAM da yawa, za ku iya ware ƙarin; idan gajere ne, kada ku wuce gona da iri don kada ku mamaye mai masaukin baki.

Sifofin aikin gama gari masu goyan baya: Android 7.1 (Nougat), 8.1 (Oreo), 9 (Pie), da kuma ginin gwaji na Android 10 da 11. Gabaɗaya, jagorori da yawa sun yarda da hakan 8.1 da 9 sune mafi kwanciyar hankali kuma tare da ingantaccen madannai, linzamin kwamfuta, Wi-Fi, da goyan bayan nuni na waje.

Idan kuna neman sabon abu, ko da yaushe duba bayanin kula akan gidan yanar gizon hukuma ko wuraren ajiya kamar GitHub don tabbatar da dacewa da kayan aikin ku da duk wasu sanannun kwari kafin saukar da ISO.

Da fatan za a lura cewa Idan CPU ɗinku baya goyan bayan 64-bit ko yanayin ku ya hana shi, kuna buƙatar amfani da 32-bit ISO. VM ba zai iya cin gajiyar albarkatun da kayan aikin ku ba.

Shirye-shirye: Zazzagewa da zabar mai amfani

Fara da Sauke Android-x86 ISO daga wurin aikin a cikin sigar da kuka fi so. Fayil ɗin zai zama wani abu kamar 'android-x86_64-8.1-r3.iso' don 64-bit Oreo, misali.

Sannan shigar da abin da kuka fi so. VirtualBox Yana da kyauta, giciye-dandamali, kuma mai sauqi qwarai. Mai sakawa ya zo da tsabta, ba tare da bloatware ba, kuma zaka iya danna "Next" kawai kuma shi ke nan. VMware Workstation/Player (a kan PC) ko VMware ESXi (bare-metal hypervisors) suma manyan zažužžukan ne don ƙarin abubuwan da suka faru.

Duba cikin BIOS/UEFI cewa An kunna VT-x/AMD-V. Idan ba tare da shi ba, VM ɗin zai kasance mai iyaka sosai ko kuma ba zai fara ba. Kuma idan kun yi amfani Windows 11 tare da WSA, tuna cewa fasalin 'Virtual Machine Platform' Dole ne tsarin ya kasance mai aiki a wannan yanayin, kodayake a nan za mu yi aiki tare da VirtualBox/VMware.

Yi amfani da ISO a cikin babban fayil mai sauƙin gano wuri. Guji hanyoyin da ba a saba da izini ba ko wuraren cibiyar sadarwa don guje wa matsaloli lokacin hawa shi akan VM.

Ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane a cikin VirtualBox (daidaitaccen daidaitawa)

Bude VirtualBox kuma danna kan 'Sabon'. Shigar da cikakken suna, misali 'Android-x86'. Don 'Nau'in' zaɓi Linux kuma a cikin 'version' zaɓi Linux 2.6/3.x/4.x (32 ko 64-bit dangane da ISO). Ci gaba da zama mai sauƙi: wannan yana ɗaukar wasu ƙima na tushe waɗanda za mu tace daga baya.

Sanya ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Ƙungiyar Android-x86 gabaɗaya tana ba da shawarar 2 GB na RAM a matsayin wurin farawaIdan kana da mai watsa shiri tare da yawan RAM, za ka iya zuwa 3-4 GB; idan gajere ne, tsaya tare da 2 GB don guje wa wuce gona da iri.

Lokacin ƙirƙirar faifai, zaɓi VDI, dynamic size da 8 GB m. Yayi kyau don shigar da tsarin, amma idan kuna shirin shigar da apps da fayiloli, mafi kyau 16 GB ko fiye. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙima zai ɗauki abin da kuke amfani da shi kawai akan mai masaukin baki.

Kafin farawa, je zuwa sanyi na VM kuma daidaita: a cikin 'System', sanya 2 CPUs/threads idan mai gidan ku yana da Hyper-stringing/SMT; wannan zai hana apps daga faduwa. A ƙarƙashin 'Nuni', ƙara ƙwaƙwalwar bidiyo kaɗan, kuma idan ba ku da Ƙarin Baƙi na Linux, canza adaftar zuwa VBoxVGA (tare da VMSVGA ba tare da GA ba, yawancin ISO ba sa taya). Ana iya kunna hanzarin 3D, amma Yana buƙatar Ƙarawa kuma tasirin sa na iya bambanta.

A cikin 'Ajiye', hau ISO zuwa rumbun gani na gani. A cikin 'Audio', zaɓi Intel HD Audio don haɓaka daidaituwa. A ƙarƙashin 'Network', saitin tsoho (NAT) yana ba da damar Intanet ta VM; Idan kun fi son Android don samun IP daga ku na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, amfani da gada adaftanIdan matsaloli sun taso, tuntuɓi Kurakurai gama gari tare da VirtualBox.

Sanya Android-x86 akan VirtualBox mataki-mataki

Boot VM kuma zaɓi ISO idan an buƙata. A cikin menu na taya, zaɓi 'Shigar - Shigar Android-x86 zuwa harddisk'; ta wannan hanyar ba za ku shiga cikin yanayin Live ba.

Mai sakawa zai tambaye ku bangare. Tunda faifan kama-da-wane ba komai, shigar 'Ƙirƙiri/gyara ɓangarori'. Lokacin da aka nemi amfani da GPT, Ya amsa a'a Don wannan yanayin mai sauƙi, mai sarrafa bangare (cfdisk) zai buɗe.

A cikin cfdisk, ƙirƙiri sabon bangare tare da 'Sabo' → 'Firamare', karɓi cikakken girman, yi masa alama 'Boetable', kuma rubuta canje-canje tare da 'Rubuta' (Buga 'eh' don tabbatarwa.) Fita manajan.

Komawa cikin mai sakawa, zaku ga ɓangaren ku yana shirye don tsarin. Zaɓi shi kuma zaɓi ext4. Yarda da shigar GRUB kuma bari '/tsarin' ya kasance karatu da rubutu. Bayan kwafin fayiloli, fita kuma sake farawa.

A karo na farko da tsarin ya yi takalma, kammala mayen farawa: harshe, haɗin yanar gizo, Google account (na zaɓi)Idan kun fi son yin ba tare da Play Store ba, kuna iya shigar da APKs ko amfani da su madadin kantuna; Ka tuna cewa yawancin aikace-aikacen sun dogara da ayyukan Google kuma ƙila ba sa aiki a 100%.

Ingantawa da mafita ga matsalolin gama gari a cikin VirtualBox

Idan VM bai yi taya ba ko kun ga allo baƙar fata, duba mafi yawan abubuwan da aka saba: adaftar bidiyo a cikin VBoxVGA lokacin da babu Ƙarin Baƙi, isassun ƙwaƙwalwar bidiyo, kuma ISO ba ta lalacewa ba. Wani lokaci, kunna/kashe 3D yana kawo bambanci.

Mouse a Android yana kwaikwayon yatsa. Ba a tallafawa hadadden multitouch kuma yana iya jin rashin dabi'a a gaban wayar hannu/ kwamfutar hannu. Idan kun yi amfani da faifan taɓawa akan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka kuma ku lura da kowane “tsallewa,” gwada kunna ko kashe haɗin kai na nuna alama a cikin VirtualBox menu yayin zaman.

Cibiyar sadarwa yawanci tana aiki da kyau tare da NAT, amma idan app ɗin da kuke amfani da shi yana buƙatar gano ayyuka akan LAN ɗin ku adaftar gada taimako. Hakanan duba cewa tacewar zaɓi ba ta toshe VirtualBox da wancan ba kwa amfani da yanayin da ba zai iya canzawa ba na tsarin (a wasu distros wannan zaɓi yana haifar da matsala tare da VMs).

Don matsar da fayiloli tsakanin mai gida da Android, ainihin VirtualBox yana iyakance. Daidaitawa a bangarorin biyu yana aiki mai girma don daidaita manyan fayiloli, kuma sakon waya Yana da amfani don wucewa takamaiman takardu.

Kunna zaɓuɓɓukan haɓakawa ta danna lambar ginin sau 7 a cikin Saituna → Game da. A can za ku iya rage raye-raye, duba matakai, da kyakkyawan aiki. Idan kuna buƙata, kuna iya amfani da a tashar linux ta asali akan Android don ayyukan ci-gaba. A cikin 3D apps, kada ku yi tsammanin abubuwan al'ajabiTallafin 3D a cikin VM yana da ma'ana, amma bai da kyau kamar ɗan ƙasa ba.

Sanya Android-x86 akan VMware (Mai aiki/Player da ESXi)

A cikin VMware, tsarin yana kama da: ƙirƙirar sabon VM tare da dangin Linux da sigar 'Sauran 3.x ko daga baya (64-bit)' Idan ISO shine 64-bit. Sanya 1 vCPU/1 core (ko fiye), 2 GB RAM, da 8-16 GB faifai. Dutsen ISO zuwa CD/DVD drive kuma zaɓi 'Haɗa a wutar lantarki'.

Shigar da Android-x86 tare da matakai iri ɗaya kamar rarrabawa tare da cfdisk, tsarawa ext4, shigarwa na GRUB da '/tsarin' kamar yadda ake karantawa. Bayan sake kunnawa, zaku iya haɗu da classic: Android ba ta da siffa mai hoto kuma ta kasance abin wasan bidiyo..

Saurin Gyara: A cikin menu na GRUB, zaɓi shigarwar farko kuma latsa 'e' don gyarawa. A kan layin kwaya, maye gurbin 'shiru' na 'nomodeset xforcevesa'. Koma tare da 'Esc' kuma fara wannan shigarwar. Da wannan, Android tana farawa da yanayin zane-zane na gabaɗaya.

Don sanya shi dindindin, a cikin Android buɗe console da Alt F1 da gudu: ƙirƙirar mount point '/mnt/sda', Dutsen'/dev/block/sda1' can kuma gyara'/mnt/sda/grub/menu.lst' tare da vi don canza 'shuru' zuwa 'nomodeset xforcevesa' a farkon shigarwa. Ajiye da ':wq'. Bayan sake yi, ba za ku ƙara yin gyara da hannu ba.

Sauran bayanin kula don VMware: babu Kayan aikin VMware na hukuma don Android, don haka haɗin kai yana da iyaka. A cikin mayen saitin farko, zaku iya ganin hanyar sadarwar 'VirtWiFi'; wannan shine yadda Android ke wakiltar haɗin VMware's gada/NAT. Kashe abin allo barci a cikin Saituna → Nuna idan za ku yi aiki na dogon lokaci.

WSA akan Windows 11 da sauran hanyoyin da aka ba da shawarar

Idan kuna amfani da Windows 11, kuna da Tsarin Windows don Android (WSA), wanda ke ba ku damar gudanar da apps ba tare da kwaikwaya ba. Kuna bukata aƙalla 8 GB na RAM, kunna fasalin 'Virtual Machine Platform' kuma zazzage shi Amfani da Amazon daga Shagon Microsoft.

Babban koma bayansa shine kawai shigar da abin da yake samuwa a ciki Amfani da Amazon. Ko da kuna iya loda APKs, yawancin aikace-aikacen sun kasa saboda sun dogara Ayyukan GoogleYa dace, amma yanayin muhallinsa har yanzu ya gaza cikar VM ko emulator na ci gaba.

Don ci gaba mai tsabta, mai kwaikwayon Tsararren aikin haɗi Hanyar hukuma ce ta Google, tare da sabunta bayanan na'urar da ƴan iyakoki. Duk da haka, yana cinye ƙarin albarkatu kuma yana iya zama a hankali fiye da Android-x86 a cikin VM akan ƙananan kwamfutoci.

Idan kuna son gwaninta na asali, akwai ayyuka kamar phoenix os (kamar kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da sabon tallafi akan wasu rassa) ko Community ROMs (tsofaffi CyanogenMod/LineageOS) don na'urori daban-daban, ciki har da Rasberi Pi. A kan Linux, zaku iya duba Akwati ko mafita akan QEMU, gwargwadon bukatunku.

Shin yana da kyau a shigar da Android na asali ko kamanta a kan PC ɗin ku?

Shigarwa zuwa ɓangarorin jiki na iya matsi kaɗan daga kayan aikin, amma ka rikitar da taya, kun bar Windows a layi daya kuma kun kasance daure ga iyakoki na direbobi. Ƙwarewa, Kuna rasa ɗan aiki kaɗan kuma ku sami aminci da kwanciyar hankali. (snapshots, cloning, rollback).

Don amfanin PC na yau da kullun, Android ba ta yin gogayya da Windows ko Linux na tebur dangane da ergonomics. Maimakon haka, don gwaji, gudanar da takamaiman ƙa'idodi, ko sarrafa ayyukan wayar hannu, VM mai Android-x86 yana haskakawa don sassauci.

Nasihu masu amfani da ƙananan dabaru waɗanda ke adana lokaci

Kafin ka fara, ajiye ISO da VM zuwa a SSD eh zaka iya: wasan kwaikwayon ya yi tsalle idan aka kwatanta da HDD lokacin buɗe aikace-aikace da motsi a kusa da tsarin yana da hankali. Idan kun kasance takaice a sarari, da faifai mai tsauri VirtualBox yana taimakawa rashin ɗaukar ƙarin sarari.

Idan kana buƙatar kwafi/ manna tsakanin tsarin, tuna cewa Android akan VM baya haɗa allo kamar VM na tebur. Ja daga girgije (Drive, Dropbox), Syncthing ko saƙo yana warware kusan komai ba tare da ciwon kai ba.

A kan hanyar sadarwa, NAT ƙaramin rikici ne; don gwaji na ci gaba tare da sabis na gida, puente. Kuma idan app bai bayyana a Play Store ba ko ya kasa saboda ayyukan Google, gwada shigar da apk naku daga gidan yanar gizon sa na hukuma ko amintattun ma'ajin ajiya.

A cikin yanayin rufewar app bazuwar, yana hawa zuwa 2 vCPUs idan mai gidan ku ya ba shi damarAyyukan Android suna godiya da ƙarin zaren. Idan kun ga glitches na hoto, kunna Kunna/Kashe 3D kuma duba adaftar nuni (VBoxVGA vs VMSVGA tare da Ƙari).

Abin da za ku iya yi tare da Android a cikin VM

Kuna iya gudu Ka'idodin wayar hannu waɗanda babu su akan Windows, nau'ikan gwaji, ɗaukar hotunan kariyar kwamfuta, rikodin demos, sarrafa ayyuka ta atomatik tare da kayan aikin kamar jakunkuna ko kawai amfani da saƙon a wata taga daban. Ƙaddamarwar Android-x86 yawanci ya haɗa da ma'aunin aiki irin na tebur, yana sauƙaƙa aiki tare da linzamin kwamfuta da keyboard.

Don wasan haske, yana aiki da kyau. Don taken da ake nema a hoto, VM na iya raguwa. Idan kawai kuna son kunna shahararrun wasannin ba tare da wani rikitarwa na fasaha ba, bincika mafi kyau emulators y BlueStacks Ya fi toshe-da-wasa kuma ya isa ga mutane da yawa.

Inda VM da gaske ke yin bambanci yana ciki ci gaba da QA: hotunan hoto kafin kowane canji, clones yanayi da yiwuwar karya abubuwa ba tare da tsoro ba. A cikin mahallin VMware kuma zaka iya dawo da VM zuwa wuraren ajiya ko gajimare kamar Google Cloud.

Tabbas, ka tuna da hakan ba wayar hannu ba ce: Ana rasa na'urori masu auna firikwensin, ana iya kwatanta kamara ko babu shi, kuma wasu aikace-aikacen ba za su yi irin wannan ba. Don tabbatar da gogewar wayar hannu 100%, kwaikwayi na hukuma ko na'ura ta zahiri ta kasance ma'auni.

Tare da duk abubuwan da ke sama, kuna da madaidaiciyar hanya zuwa Sanya Android-x86 a cikin VirtualBox ko VMware, daidaita tsarin ku, kuma ku shawo kan ramukan gama gari. Aikin bai yi kyau ba, amma tare da sigar da ta dace da ingantaccen tsarin CPU/RAM, ext4, GRUB kuma, idan ya cancanta, dabarar 'nomodeset xforcevesa', za ku iya aiki tare da aikace-aikacen Android akan PC ɗinku cikin kwanciyar hankali, amintacce, kuma ba tare da taɓa babban shigarwar ku ba.