Menene ɓangaren Windows EFI, menene don, da kuma yadda ake sarrafa shi?

Idan kun taɓa shiga cikin sarrafa faifan kwamfutarka kuma ku ci karo da a bangare mai suna EFI, Wataƙila kun yi mamakin menene ainihin shi kuma ko yana da darajar gyara ko sharewa. Wannan bangare sau da yawa yana ɓoye kuma da wuya ya bayyana a cikin amfanin yau da kullun, amma aikin sa yana da mahimmanci wanda taɓa shi ba da niyya ba na iya sa tsarin ku ya zama mara amfani.

A cikin wannan cikakken jagorar na bayyana zurfin abin da tsarin tsarin EFI yake, menene ayyukansa, yadda zaku iya bincika idan PC ɗinku yana amfani da shi, haɗarin share shi da yadda ake ci gaba duka don ƙirƙirarsa da gogewa a cikin mahalli. Windows, duk sun bayyana a sarari kuma tare da shawarwari masu amfani don guje wa kurakurai masu mutuwa.

Menene rabon tsarin EFI?

Tsarin tsarin EFI, wanda kuma aka fi sani da ESP (EFI System Partition), karamin sashe ne na rumbun kwamfutarka, yawanci tsakanin 100 MB zuwa 500 MB, wanda ke samuwa ta atomatik lokacin da kake shigar da tsarin aiki na zamani, irin su Windows 10 ko 11, akan hanyar da ke amfani da tsarin rarraba GPT (GUID Partition Table).

Wannan bangare shine tsara a FAT32 kuma ba shi da wasiƙar da aka sanya, don haka ba za ku ga kullum ba a cikin Fayil Explorer. Babban aikinsa shine adana fayilolin da ake buƙata don taya tsarin aiki, irin su bootloaders, direbobi masu mahimmanci da kayan aiki waɗanda ke ba da damar tsarin yin lodi kafin Windows ko duk wani tsarin aiki a zahiri ya fara aiki.

Ma'auni na UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface), wanda kusan ya maye gurbin gaba ɗaya BIOS gargajiya, yana amfani da ɓangaren EFI don ganowa da aiwatar da waɗannan fayiloli a taya, yana sa tsarin ya fi dacewa da tsaro.

Abubuwan da ayyuka na sashin EFI

Rarraba EFI ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu mahimmanci da yawa don aikin boot:

• Bootloaders: Shirye-shiryen da ke da alhakin fara tsarin aiki, ko Windows, Linux ko wasu masu dacewa da UEFI.
• Na'urar direbobi: Abubuwan asali don ganewa hardware masu mahimmanci yayin taya, kamar rumbun kwamfyuta da tsarin RAID.
• Kayan amfani da tsarin: Kayan aikin da za a iya aiki kafin takalman tsarin aiki, masu amfani don farfadowa ko bincike.
• Fayilolin bayanai: hada da rajistan ayyukan na kurakurai ko daidaitawar zama dole a farkon matakan farawa.

Bugu da ƙari, wasu OEMs suna amfani da ɓangaren EFI don haɗa abubuwan amfani na al'ada, sabunta firmware, ko rubutun dawo da su, don haka ƙara aikin su.

Me yasa Windows ke amfani da sashin EFI?

Daga Windows 8 zuwa gaba, lokacin da aka shigar da tsarin akan faifai da aka tsara ta amfani da tsarin GPT. ta atomatik yana ƙirƙirar ɓangaren EFI don tabbatar da dacewa tare da UEFI kuma kuyi amfani da haɓakawa: lokutan taya da sauri, mafi kyawun sarrafa manyan faifai, da goyan baya ga abubuwan ci gaba kamar ɓoyayyen BitLocker da Secure Boot.

Idan ba tare da wannan bangare ba, kwamfutarka ba za ta iya fara Windows ba., tunda a nan ne fayilolin boot ke zama. Idan kuma kuna da nau'ikan Windows ko dual-boot tare da Linux, kowane tsari na iya buƙatar fayiloli akan ɓangaren EFI don sarrafa nasa taya.

Yaya ake sanin ko PC ɗinku yana amfani da ɓangaren EFI?

Hanyar gano abu ce mai sauƙi kuma yana da kyau a bincika kafin yin kowane canje-canje a faifan ku:

1. Bude kayan aikin sarrafa DiskLatsa maɓallin Windows + R, rubuta diskmgmt.msc kuma latsa Shigar.
2. Nemo ɓangarori ba tare da wasiƙar tuƙi ba: Yawancin lokaci yana bayyana a matsayin "EFI System Partition" ko makamancin haka, tare da girman kusan 100 MB ko 200 MB.
3. Duba nau'in bangare: Idan faifan yana cikin tsarin GPT kuma kuna ganin ɓangaren EFI, PC ɗinku yana amfani da boot ɗin UEFI.
4. Don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai, zaku iya buɗe Bayanin Tsarin ta hanyar buga “msinfo32” a cikin akwatin bincike na Windows kuma duba shigarwar “BIOS Mode”: idan ya ce UEFI, tsarin ku yana amfani da ɓangaren EFI.

A kan kwamfutoci masu tsohon tsarin MBR (Master Boot Record), sashin EFI ba zai wanzu ba, kuma booting zai yi aiki daban.

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Labari mai dangantaka:

Yadda ake samun dama da amfani da harsashin UEFI

Shin sashin EFI yana da mahimmanci a cikin Windows 10/11?

Amsar a takaice itace eh. Bangaren EFI yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen taya da aiki na Windows.Sharewa ko ɓata shi na iya barin ku ba tare da samun damar yin amfani da tsarin aikin ku ba, yana ƙara wa matsala idan kuna amfani da Bitlocker ko buƙatar samun dama ga zaɓuɓɓukan dawowa, amintaccen taya, ko gyara ta atomatik.

Bugu da ƙari, ɓangaren EFI yana ɗaukar sarari kaɗan kuma baya tsoma baki tare da ajiya daga fayilolin sirrinku, don haka ƙoƙarin kawar da shi don "sami sararin samaniya" ba shi da amfani kuma yana da haɗari.

A cikin waɗanne yanayi za ku iya so a share ɓangaren EFI?

Ba a ba da shawarar share sashin EFI ba idan faifan ku shine na farko. kuma ya ƙunshi tsarin aiki da kuke amfani da su. Yanayin da zai yi ma'ana don cire shi shine:

• Shigar da sabon tsarin aiki daga karce, inda tsarin shigarwa zai haifar da sabon ɓangaren EFI ta atomatik.
• Share bangare akan faifai na biyu, alal misali, diski na waje inda aka ƙirƙiri ɓangaren EFI bisa kuskure ko lokacin gwaji tare da tsarin taya da yawa kuma ba a buƙata.
• Lokacin da akwai ɓangarorin EFI da yawa kuma kawai kuna son adana kwafi ɗaya don sauƙaƙe sarrafa taya.

Kafin yin wasu canje-canje, Yana da mahimmanci don adana duk bayanan ku kuma ka tabbata ba ka sa na'urarka ta zama mara amfani ta hanyar goge bangare mara kyau.

1. Don zurfafa zurfafa cikin zaɓuɓɓuka da sarrafa sassan taya, zaku iya duba yadda Matsar da ɓangaren taya a cikin Windows.

Me yasa ba zan iya share sashin EFI daga Windows ba?

Idan kayi ƙoƙarin share sashin EFI daga kayan aikin sarrafa diski, zaku ga cewa zaɓin "Share Volume" yayi launin toka don hana magudin kuskure. Windows yana kare wannan bangare saboda yana la'akari da shi yana da mahimmanci don taya tsarin da aiki.

Koyaya, akwai hanyoyin ci gaba don tilasta gogewa, ko dai ta amfani da kayan aikin layi umarni Diskpart, ko ta hanyar software na sarrafa bangare na musamman kamar efibootmgr akan Linux.

Matakai don share sashin tsarin EFI

Hanyar 1: Amfani da Diskpart

Wannan hanyar tana buƙatar taka tsantsan da sa hannun hannu a hankali:

1. Pulsa Windows + R, ya rubuta raga kuma buga Shigar.
2. A cikin taga umarni, shigar: lissafa faifai kuma lura da adadin faifan inda sashin EFI yake.
3. Rubuta zaɓi faifai X (maye gurbin 'X' tare da lambar da ta dace).
4. Yanzu rubuta jerin sashi don ganin sassan faifai kuma gano nau'in EFI.
5. Zaɓi bangare tare da zaɓi bangare N (canja 'N' zuwa lambar ɓangaren EFI).
6. Da farko canza mai gano shi don mai da shi ɓangaren bayanai: set id=ebd0a0a2-b9e5-4433-87c0-68b6b72699c7
7. Yanzu zaku iya cire shi ta amfani da shi share partition override

Ka tuna Idan ka share sashin EFI daga faifan da aka shigar da Windows, zai daina yin booting. Yi la'akari da wannan matakin kawai don abubuwan tafiyarwa na waje ko yanayin da tsarin bai dogara da wannan ɓangaren ba.

Hanyar 2: Tare da software na musamman (EaseUS Partition Master ko AOMEI Partition Assistant)

Idan ba ku gamsu da layin umarni ba, waɗannan shirye-shiryen suna ba ku damar sarrafa sassan cikin sauƙi:

1. Saukewa kuma shigar EaseUS bangare Master ko a kan PC naka.
2. Bude shirin kuma a gani na gano sashin EFI a cikin jerin sassan diski.
3. Danna-dama akan sashin EFI kuma zaɓi "Share."
4. Tabbatar da aikin kuma yi amfani da canje-canje. A wasu lokuta, kuna buƙatar sake kunna tsarin ku ko amfani da yanayin WinPE wanda software ɗin kanta ta ƙirƙira.

Waɗannan shirye-shiryen suna ba da ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka yadda ake haɗa sararin samaniya da sashin EFI ya 'yanta tare da wasu ɓangarori ko canza diski tsakanin MBR da GPT ba tare da asarar bayanai ba.

Matakai don ƙirƙirar ɓangaren EFI a cikin Windows

A mafi yawan lokuta, Windows yana ƙirƙirar ɓangaren EFI ta atomatik yayin shigarwa mai tsabta akan faifan GPT. Idan kana buƙatar sake ƙirƙira shi bayan share shi da gangan ko shigar da tsari akan sabon faifai, bi waɗannan matakan:

1. Buga PC daga Media shigarwa na Windows (kebul ko DVD) kuma, a allon farko, danna Canji + F10 bude da umurnin gaggawa.
2. Shiga Diskpart kuma zaɓi faifai tare da umarni:
   raga
   lissafa faifai
   zaɓi faifai X (maye gurbin X tare da lambar da ta dace)
3. Ƙirƙiri ɓangaren EFI tare da: ƙirƙirar partition efi size=200 (gyara girman idan kuna so)
4. Tsara bangare: format sauri fs=fat32 lakabin=»System»
5. Shigar da bootloader:
   bcdboot C: \ Windows / s: /f UEFI (Canja harafin daidai kuma ku tabbata kun yi nuni ga faifan Windows daidai)

Bayan waɗannan matakan, PC ɗin za ta sake iya yin taya daga UEFI, idan har tsarin aiki da saitunan firmware suka ba shi damar.

Me zai faru idan kun share sashin EFI da gangan?

Share sashin EFI akan faifai wanda tsarin ku ya dogara da dalilai kwamfutar ba za ta iya fara Windows ba. Hakanan kuna iya rasa damar yin amfani da fasalolin farfadowa, Yanayin aminci, da sauran muhimman abubuwan amfani.

Sa'ar al'amarin shine har yanzu kuna iya dawo da boot ɗin ta hanyar ƙirƙirar sabon ɓangaren EFI da sake shigar da fayilolin taya, ko ta amfani da software na dawowa kamar Wondershare Komawa, wanda ke ba ka damar taya daga USB da adana mahimman fayiloli kafin gyara shigarwar Windows ɗinka.

Kimanin matakai tare da software na dawowa zai kasance:

• Zazzage kuma ƙirƙirar kebul ɗin bootable akan wata kwamfuta.
• Haɗa kebul na USB zuwa PC ɗin da abin ya shafa kuma saita BIOS/UEFI don taya shi.
• Mai da kuma adana mahimman bayanai zuwa wani faifan waje kafin yunƙurin gyarawa.

Labari mai dangantaka:

Yadda ake haɗa ɓangarori biyu a cikin Windows 11 a cikin mafi aminci kuma mafi inganci hanya

Ishaku

Marubuci mai sha'awa game da duniyar bytes da fasaha gabaɗaya. Ina son raba ilimina ta hanyar rubutu, kuma abin da zan yi ke nan a cikin wannan shafi, in nuna muku duk abubuwan da suka fi ban sha'awa game da na'urori, software, hardware, yanayin fasaha, da ƙari. Burina shine in taimaka muku kewaya duniyar dijital ta hanya mai sauƙi da nishaɗi.