- da direbobi Dole ne su zama Arm64: babu kwaikwaya a cikin kwaya kuma ba tare da su ba hardware Ba ya aiki.
- x86/x64 emulation yana daidaitawa: daidaita cache, yanayin matasan da multithreading don dacewa.
- Ƙayyadaddun da aka sani: Anti-cheat, Fax da Scanner, takamaiman riga-kafi da apps na harsashi.
- Masu haɓakawa: Gina Arm64 na asali, warware abubuwan dogaro, da gwada kayan aikin ARM/VM.
Idan kun yi tsalle zuwa ƙungiya tare da Windows 11 akan ARM kuma kuna kokawa da abin da ba ya aiki kawai, ba ku kaɗai ba: Direbobi sune maɓalli kuma dole ne a daidaita su zuwa Arm64Duk da yake yawancin x86 da x64 apps suna aiki daidai ta hanyar kwaikwaya, direbobin tsarin ba sa shiga cikin wannan layin, don haka yana da kyau a fahimci dokokin wasan.
Baya ga direbobi, tallafin Arm yana haɗa abubuwa da yawa: Ƙimar da za a iya daidaitawa, mafi kyawun ayyukan ci gaba, sanannun iyakoki, da kayan aikin bincikeA cikin wannan jagorar, mun tattara duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani don gano dalilin da yasa na'ura ko ƙa'idar da ta dogara da direba ke kasawa, yadda ake daidaita kwaikwai, da abin da masu haɓakawa ke buƙatar yi don tarawa na asali don Arm64.
Me ke faruwa tare da direbobi a cikin Windows 11 ARM?
En Windows na ARM, Duk direbobin yanayin kernel, Masu amfani-Yanayin Direba (UMDF) direbobi, da direbobin bugu dole ne a haɗa su don tsarin gine-ginen tsarin aiki.Wato idan tsarin Arm64 ne, dole ne direban kuma ya zama Arm64; babu abin kwaikwaya don kwaya, don haka buƙatun yana da tsauri.
Wannan yana nufin cewa aikace-aikacen x86 na iya gudana ta hanyar kwaikwayo ba tare da wata matsala ba, amma Idan kuna buƙatar naku ko direba na ɓangare na uku, takamaiman yanki dole ne ya kasance kamar Arm64Har sai an sake tattara direban don Arm64, ayyukan da suka dogara da shi ba za su bayyana ba ko kuma za su gaza.
A aikace, na'urori da kayan aiki zasu yi aiki kawai idan direbobin ku ne hadedde cikin Windows 11 ko masana'anta suna ba da takamaiman direbobin Arm64. Wannan ya shafi sassa masu mahimmanci kamar riga-kafi da antimalware, software na bugawa ko PDF, fasaha masu taimako, kayan aikin diski na gani da software mai ƙima.
Don haka, lokacin da kuka shigar da software ko hardware na ɓangare na uku, Tabbatar zazzagewa kuma shigar da direban masana'anta musamman don kwamfutocin ArmIdan direba kawai ya lissafta daidaituwar x86/x64 ko bai ambaci Arm64 ba, da alama ba zai yi aiki a kwamfutar da ke tushen ARM ba.
Na'urorin da ke amfani da ARM sun zama sananne saboda ingancin ƙarfin su, rayuwar batir, da NPUs don IA, amma Wannan ingantaccen aiki baya maye gurbin buƙatar direbobin Arm64 na asali.. Idan kun dogara da wani yanki mai mahimmanci, tabbatar kafin masana'anta ya fitar da tallafi don Arm64.
x86 da x64 kwaikwayo akan ARM da yadda ake daidaita dacewa
Windows akan ARM yana gudanar da aikace-aikacen Arm na asali, yayin da x86 da x64 apps suna gudana ta amfani da kwaikwayaTare da Windows 11, kwaikwayon x64 ya zo don faɗaɗa daidaituwa, kuma tare da injin Prism akan na'urorin Copilot+ tare da Snapdragon X, aikin kwaikwayi apps an inganta sosai idan aka kwatanta da al'ummomin da suka gabata.
Idan app yana aiki da ban mamaki, zaku iya amfani da matsala mai dacewa da shirinDanna-dama akan .exe kuma zaɓi Matsalar Daidaitawa don gwada saitunan da aka ba da shawarar ko zaɓi takamaiman alamun, kamar buɗewa amma mara kyau, yana buƙatar izini, ko matsalar ba a jera su ba.
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin Compatibility tab na abubuwan da za a iya aiwatarwa za ku ga sashe don Windows 10 akan ARM ko Windows 11 akan ARM. Daga nan za ku iya canza cikakken saitunan kwaikwayo ko kunna saitunan ci gaba don gwaji tare da zaɓin ɗaiɗaikun da aka ƙera don ba da fifikon kwanciyar hankali akan aiki lokacin da matsaloli suka faru.
| Saitunan kwaikwayo | Me yake aikatawa |
|---|---|
| Kashe cache aikace-aikace | Yana tilasta tsarin sake tattara tubalan lambobin da aka kwaikwayi akan kowane gudu, kawar da cache don rage tasirin sakamako a cikin kuɗin aiki. |
| Kashe yanayin aiwatar da matasan | Guji binaries na CHPE tare da haɗin x86 da Arm64 da tilasta yin amfani da binaries x86 kawai, ƙara dacewa tare da wasu ƙa'idodi masu mahimmanci. |
| Ƙarin kariyar haske | Yana ba da damar kiyaye kariya ta duniya waɗanda ke shafar metadata mara ƙarfi da zai iya yin tasiri ga aiki don samun kwanciyar hankali. |
| Ƙuntataccen daidaituwa tare da lambar canza kai | Yana da garantin cewa lambar canza kai don aiki daidai a cikin kwaikwaya, tare da tasiri mai tasiri akan aiki lokacin da wannan tsarin ya kasance akai-akai. |
| Kashe haɓakawa akan shafukan RWX | Yana kawar da ingantaccen aiki don code a cikin shafukan da za a iya karantawa, da za a iya rubutawa, da masu aiwatarwa wanda zai iya yin karo da wasu apps. |
| Kashe haɓakar JIT (x64 kawai) | Zaɓin yanke cewa ba za ta ƙara kasancewa ba a nan gaba iri. |
| Kashe ingantaccen wurin iyo (x64 kawai) | Tilasta yin koyi da x87 da 80-bit cikakken daidaito, haɓaka daidaito a cikin FP a farashin ƙananan aiki. |
Hakanan zaka iya daidaita yadda app ɗin ke amfani da maɓalli da yawa: sauri, m, sosai m ko tilasta guda cibiyaWaɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan suna canza adadin shingen ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da ake amfani da su don aiki tare da shiga tsakanin zaren; ƙara yawan shinge yana rage kurakurai masu wayo ta hanyar saurin gudu, kuma yanayin guda ɗaya yana kawar da shinge da jera zaren akan cibiya guda ɗaya.
Idan canza takamaiman zaɓi yana sa kuskuren ya ɓace, Microsoft ya bukaci a aika da cikakkun bayanai zuwa woafeedback@microsoft.com don haɗa wannan ra'ayi zuwa abubuwan ingantawa na gaba ga mai kwaikwayon.
Direbobi: kernel, UMDF da bugu
Duk direbobin tsarin dole ne su dace da gine-gine: Babu kwaikwaya a cikin kwayayen WindowsWannan yana da tasiri na musamman akan haɓakawa da kowane yanayin da ke buƙatar samun dama ga ƙananan matakin.
Idan x86 aikace-aikace shigar ko buƙatar direbanta, The app kanta za a iya fara karkashin koyi, amma fasalulluka da ke daure da wannan direban ba za su bayyana ba har sai an sami nau'in Arm64 na direban.
Don haɗa direbobin Arm64 tare da garanti, Masu haɓakawa yakamata su bi jagorar WDK ta musamman na Arm64, wanda ke ba da cikakken bayani game da shirye-shiryen yanayi, ayyuka da sa hannu.
Kariyar Shell, IMEs, da sauran tsarin DLLs
Aikace-aikacen da ke ƙoƙarin haɗi zuwa abubuwan haɗin Windows ko allurar DLLs cikin tsarin tsarin dole ne a tattara waɗannan DLLs don Arm64. A nan ne abubuwa suka shiga cikin wasa masu gyara hanyar shigarwa, fasaha masu taimako da haɓaka harsashi waɗanda ke sanya gumaka ko menus na mahallin.
Duk lokacin da ka loda code a cikin tsarin Windows, daidaita tsarin gine-ginen binary tare da na tsarinSake tattara waɗannan DLLs yana tabbatar da cewa ɓangaren yana gudana ta asali ba tare da dogaro da kwaikwaya ba.
Mafi kyawun ayyuka tare da WOW da gano gine-gine
Tsarin kuskuren gama gari yana faruwa lokacin da app ɗin ya gano cewa yana ƙarƙashin WOW da kuskure yana ɗauka tsarin shine x64. Daga can yana ƙoƙarin shigar da bambance-bambancen x64, yana duban ra'ayi na gida, ko ɗauka cewa akwai 64-bit .NET.
Don guje wa irin wannan gazawar, Kada ku yi zato game da mai watsa shiri lokacin gano WOW kuma yana rage ma'amala tare da abubuwan haɗin OS na asali sai dai idan kuna sarrafa gine-gine.
Idan kana buƙatar duba dacewa, yana amfani da isWow64Process2 API maimakon ainihin isWow64ProcessNa farko daidai ya bambanta tsakanin tsari da haɗin haɗin gwiwar kuma yana taimakawa ƙayyade hanyoyin lamba da ra'ayoyin log ba tare da rudani ba.
Ƙirƙirar code mai ƙarfi da raguwa
Kwaikwayo x86 aikace-aikacen tebur yana haifar da umarnin Arm64 a lokacin aiki, don haka Toshe ƙirƙira lambar ko gyare-gyare a cikin tsari yana karya daidaituwaIdan app ɗin ku yana ba da damar ragewa ta amfani da SetProcessMitigationPolicy tare da ProcessDynamicCodePolicy, kashe shi don ba da damar yin koyi.
Idan kuna zargin cewa aikace-aikacenku yana amfani da dabarun gyara kansa, yana ba da damar daidaitawa mai ƙarfi tare da lambar canza kai a cikin saitunan kwaikwayo na ci gaba, sanin cewa zai yi tasiri sosai ga aiki.
Injin Virtual da Taimakon Hyper-V
Ba a tallafawa dandalin Windows Hypervisor. Qualcomm 835 akan Platform PC Mobile, don haka Hyper-V ba zai yi aiki a kan takamaiman kayan aikin ba. Microsoft ya nuna cewa yana ci gaba da saka hannun jari a waɗannan fasahohin don Qualcomm chipsets na gaba.
Iyakance Sanannu: Wasanni, Antivirus, Fax & Scanner da ƙari
Wasu wasannin ba za su yi aiki ba idan Direban anti-cheat ɗinku bashi da sigar Windows 11 akan ARM.. Bincika tare da mawallafin wasan ko duba dacewa a worksonwoa.com, hanyar haɗin gwiwar da ke bin matsayin ƙa'idodi da wasanni.
A cikin Windows 10 ARM, x64 apps ba sa aiki: Kuna buƙatar nau'ikan Arm64, Arm32, ko x86. Hakanan akwai ƙuntatawa kamar OpenGL sama da 1.1 da fakitin anti-cheat ba tare da tallafin ARM ba. A kan Windows 11 akan ARM, kwaikwayon x64 yana faɗaɗa kewayon aikace-aikacen tallafi.
Aikace-aikace waɗanda ke keɓance harsashi na Windows, kamar wasu IMEs, fasahar taimako, ko haɗin girgije, na iya gabatar da matsaloli idan ba su bayar da binaries na Arm64 baShawarar ƙarshe ta rataya kan mai haɓaka kowane app.
Hakanan akwai rukunin riga-kafi na ɓangare na uku waɗanda ba za ku iya shigar da su ba sai idan sun kasance ƙirƙira ko sabuntawa don ARMA halin yanzu, Tsaron Windows yana ba da kariya ga rayuwar na'urar ku.
Ƙarƙashin sanannun musamman: aikin Fax da na'urar daukar hotan takardu Babu Windows akan kwamfutoci masu Windows 11 akan ARM, don haka yana da kyau a nemi wasu hanyoyi.
Akwai ƙa'idodi na asali da sabon injin Prism
Tsarin halittu yanzu yana ba da ƙarin ginin Arm64 na gida fiye da kowane lokaci, tare da Microsoft 365 a cikin gaggawar aiwatar da shi a cikin Ƙungiyoyi, Outlook, Kalma, Excel, PowerPoint, OneDrive da OneNote, da Chrome, Slack, Spotify, Zuƙowa, WhatsApp, Blender, Affinity Suite da DaVinci Resolve, da dai sauransu.
Don aikace-aikace ba tare da binary na asali ba, sabon injin kwaikwayo Prism yana haɓaka aikin kwaikwayi apps akan na'urorin Copilot+ tare da Snapdragon X kuma suna zuwa ƙarin Windows 11 na'urorin.
Idan kuna son bincika apps da wasanni ke aiki, Duba lissafin kai tsaye a worksonwoa.com. Aikin buɗaɗɗen tushe na ɓangare na uku ne wanda Microsoft kuma ke ba da gudummawar bayanan dacewa.
Yadda ake shigar da apps da direbobi zuwa Arm64
Don ƙirƙirar sigar asali ta aikace-aikacenku, a cikin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kaya). ARM64 dandalin mafita daga Manajan Kanfigareshan, kwafin sanyi daga x64 da ƙirƙirar sabbin dandamali na aikin. Sannan, tattara ku gyara kurakurai.
Da zarar ka gina a cikin Sakin, ana iya yin karo da haɗari Abubuwan dogaro waɗanda ba su bayar da binaries na Arm64 baZa a buƙaci a sabunta su, sake haɗa su, ko maye gurbin su kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Idan kana son duba sakamakon binary, yi amfani PowerShell da gudu dumpbin / headers akan .exe don tabbatar da cewa taken yana nuna injin AA64 (ARM64). Wannan bincike ne mai sauri don tabbatar da cewa ba ku gudanar da bambance-bambancen da ba daidai ba.
Gwaji da gyara kurakurai sun fi sauƙi idan kuna aiki akan injin Arm. Idan kun haɓaka daga x86/x64, Yi amfani da kuskuren nesa zuwa na'urar Windows ko VM akan ARMMicrosoft ya rubuta dabarun a cikin jagorar gyara matsalar hannu.
Kamar yadda shawarar da ake buƙata, yi amfani Visual Studio 2022 v17.4 ko kuma daga baya tare da tallafin Arm64 na asali (VS 17.10 Preview yana ƙara haɓakawa), kuma idan kun fi so, LLVM Clang 12+ don haɗawa da haɗawa. Sashin kayan aiki na asali yana ba da kyakkyawan aiki idan aka kwatanta da nau'ikan da aka kwaikwayi.
Amma ga tsarin, ana tallafawa NET 7, NET 6 LTS, NET 5.0.8+ da NET Framework 4.8.1Hakanan zaka iya haɗa C++ tare da clang-cl, wanda ke kiyaye dacewa da ABI tare da MSVC.
Dogara, Arm64EC da taimakon waje
Lokacin da ɗakin karatu ya hana ku tattarawa, Maimaita shi a ciki don Arm64 Idan naka ne, tambayi wani ɓangare na uku don sabon sigar idan kasuwanci ne, ko kuma nemi hanyoyin da suka dace idan buɗaɗɗen tushe ne.
Kafin canza tari, duba idan vcpkg yanzu yana da sabon sigar tare da Arm64, kuma idan ba haka ba, yi la'akari da bayar da gudummawa don tallafawa. Yawancin al'ummomi za su yaba da taimakon.
A matsayin dabarar tsaka-tsaki, Arm64EC yana ba ku damar haɗa app ɗin da aka sake tattarawa tare da dogaro x64 wanda ke gudana ƙarƙashin koyi a cikin tsari guda. Ba shi da inganci don haɗa su ta wata hanya (ba za ku iya amfani da tsayayyen dogara na Arm64 a cikin tsarin x64 ba).
Idan kuna buƙatar tallafi, Linaro yana aiki tare da kamfanoni da al'ummomi don ba da damar software akan ARMKuna iya buɗe buƙatu akan Tebur ɗin Sabis ɗin su don bincika goyan bayan fakitin Windows-on-ARM da suka ɓace.
Gwaji akan hardware ko VM, CI/CD da multithreading cikin kwaikwaya
Don tabbatar da ingancin, yana da mahimmanci cewa gwajin wucewa yana gudana akan gine-ginen Arm64: ainihin kayan aikin da ke gudana Windows akan ARM ko VM mai jituwa, don sakamakon ya nuna gaskiyar mai amfani.
Ginawa da gwaji akan injin guda ɗaya yana sauƙaƙa rayuwa, kodayake kuna iya Fadada kayan aikin ginin ku don samar da binaries na dandamali sa'an nan kuma aike su a kan madaidaicin gwaji na Arm64.
Idan kun fuskanci matsalolin daidaitawa da ba kasafai ba tare da aikace-aikace masu zare da yawa, gwada su m ko sosai m Multi-core halaye, ko kuma tilasta yanayin guda ɗaya don ganin ko matsalar ta tafi. Wannan dabara ce mai amfani don rage yanayin tsere.
Don saita yanayin gwaji da sauri, Azure yayi a farawa da sauri don ƙirƙirar Windows VM akan ARMHanya ce mai dacewa don CI ko gwajin hannu lokacin da ba ku da kayan aikin jiki.
Sanya Windows da Direbobin Ma'ajiya: x86/x64 vs. ARM
Idan kun shigar da Windows 11 ko 10 akan kwamfuta Intel babu raka'a da suka bayyana, kuna iya buƙata Load da direban Intel Rapid Storage Technology (IRST) a lokacin maye ko kashe Intel VMD. Wannan kawai ya shafi dandamali x86/x64, ba na'urorin ARM ba.
Hanyar da ta dace tare da IRST ta ƙunshi zazzage fakitin daga shafin tallafi na masana'anta, Cire shi zuwa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kebul kuma yi amfani da zaɓin direban kaya akan allon da ke tambayar inda kake son shigar da Windows don mai sakawa ya gano diski.
A matsayin madadin, yana yiwuwa kashe Intel Volume Management Device (VMD) a kunne BIOSShigar da F2, canza zuwa Yanayin Babba tare da F7, je zuwa sashin VMD kuma kashe direba; ajiye da F10. Ƙimar sunan na iya bambanta dan kadan tsakanin ƙira da UEFI.
A kan samfura tare da Intel Lunar Lake, Ba a tallafawa shigar da direbobin IRST da hannuAna ba da shawarar yin amfani da Windows 11 24H2 ko sama da haka kuma ci gaba tare da daidaitaccen shigarwa ba tare da ɗora direbobi ba.
Koyaya, idan kwamfutarka ARM ce (misali, tare da Qualcomm CPU), ASUS yana nuna don amfani Cloud farfadowa da na'ura daga MyASUS WinRE don sake shigar da tsarin maimakon tsarin gargajiya tare da IRST, wanda bai dace da wannan gine-gine ba.
Marubuci mai sha'awa game da duniyar bytes da fasaha gabaɗaya. Ina son raba ilimina ta hanyar rubutu, kuma abin da zan yi ke nan a cikin wannan shafi, in nuna muku duk abubuwan da suka fi ban sha'awa game da na'urori, software, hardware, yanayin fasaha, da ƙari. Burina shine in taimaka muku kewaya duniyar dijital ta hanya mai sauƙi da nishaɗi.